5xxx铝合金应力腐蚀研究及展望

Research and Prospect of Stress Corrosion of 5xxx Aluminum Alloy

轻质高强高韧铝合金在国防工业、航天航空、轨道交通、汽车行业、工业、食品包装、建筑等高新技术领域等领域的应用不断扩大,对于铝合金服役的要求也越来越苛刻,针对铝合金的应力腐蚀开裂行为研究已有相当长时间,但是提出的腐蚀机理却有着各种不同的解构。本文简介了铝合金腐蚀原因与机理,以5xxx系铝合金为例介绍其应力腐蚀、影响耐腐蚀性能的因素及解决措施;总结了通过改善热处理工艺、优化轧制工艺及合金成分、添加稀土元素等措施提高该系铝合金耐腐蚀性能;同时,对该系耐腐蚀铝合金未来的发展方向进行了展望。

The application of lightweight,high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy in hightech fields such as national defense industry,aerospace,rail transit,automobile industry,industry,food packaging,construction and so on continues to expand,and the requirements for aluminum alloy service are becoming more and more stringent.The stress corrosion cracking behavior of aluminum alloy has been studied for a long time,but the corrosion mechanism proposed has a variety of deconstruction.In this paper,the causes and mechanisms of corrosion of aluminum alloy are briefly introduced.Taking 5xxx series aluminum alloy as an example,the stress corrosion,factors affecting corrosion resistance and solutions are introduced.The corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy was improved by improving the heat treatment process,optimizing the rolling process and alloy composition,and adding rare earth elements.At the same time,the future development direction of the corrosion resistant aluminum alloy is prospected.