新疆地区居民器官捐献意愿调查及其影响因素分析

Investigation on the Willingness of Organ Donation and Its Influencing Factors among Residents in Xinjiang Region

目的调查新疆地区居民器官捐献意愿,并分析居民器官捐献意愿的影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样,便利抽取东疆、南疆、西疆、北疆及乌鲁木齐区域中三级医院辖区居民共1100名,采用自制一般资料调查表和器官捐献知识、态度、意愿量表进行调查,分析影响居民器官捐献的因素。结果新疆地区居民器官捐献知识评分(2.97±0.82)分,器官捐献态度评分(3.85±0.96)分,器官捐献意愿评分(1.97±0.63)分,其中愿意但没有签署器官捐献同意卡者64名(6.21%);愿意且已签署器官捐献同意卡者3名(0.29%);不同年龄、受教育程度、参加社会公益活动、学习或接受过器官移植相关知识、本人或亲友是否有器官捐献经历的新疆地区居民器官捐献意愿评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,新疆地区居民器官捐献意愿评分与器官捐献知识评分呈正相关(r=0.478,P<0.05),与器官捐献态度中阻碍器官捐献原因、认同器官捐献价值、不认同器官捐献价值评分均呈负相关(r分别为-0.493、-0.416和-0.514,P<0.05);本人或亲友有器官捐献经历、器官捐献知识、认同器官捐献价值是新疆地区居民器官捐献意愿的正向影响因素,阻碍器官捐献则是负向影响因素,调整R^(2)=0.305,F=16.217,可解释30.5%的新疆地区居民捐献意愿变化。结论新疆地区居民器官捐献知识水平和意愿低,器官捐献态度处于中等水平,本人或亲友有器官捐献经历、器官捐献知识、阻碍器官捐献原因、认同器官捐献价值是影响居民器官捐献意愿的因素。

Objective To investigate the willingness of organ donation among residents in Xinjiang region and analyze its influencing factors.Methods 1100 residents from tertiary hospitals in eastern Xinjiang,southern Xinjiang,western Xinjiang,northern Xinjiang and Urumqi were selected by stratified random sampling and convenience samping.Self-made general data questionnaire and organ donation knowledge,attitude and willingness scale were used for the investigation,and the factors affecting organ donation of residents were analyzed.Results The scores of knowledge,attitude and willingness of organ donation were 2.97±0.82 points,3.85±0.96 points and 1.97±0.63 points,respectively.64 cases(6.21%)were willing to donate the organ but did not sign the consent card,and 3 cases(0.29%)were willing to organ and signed the organ donation consent card.There was a statistically significant difference in the score of organ donation willingness among residents in Xinjiang region with different ages,education levels,participating in social welfare activities,learning or receiving organ transplantation-related knowledge,and whether their relatives and friends had organ donation experience(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the organ donation willingness score of residents in Xinjiang region was positively correlated with organ donation cognition score(r=0.478,P<0.05),and was negatively correlated with the reasons of hindering organ donation,the dimension of agreeing with organ donation value,and the dimension of disagreeing with organ donation value(r=-0.493,-0.416,-0.514,P<0.05).The self and relatives and friends'experience of organ donation,knowledge of organ donation,and recognition of organ donation value were positive influencing factors for the willingness of organ donation of residents in Xinjiang regimen while hindering organ donation was a negative influencing factor,with adjusted R^(2)=0.305 and F=16.217,which could explain 30.5%of the variation in the willingness of donation of residents in Xinjiang region.Conclusion The cognition and willingness of organ donation among residents in Xinjiang region are low,and the attitude of organ donation is at a medium level.The influencing factors of residents'willingness of organ donation include relatives and friends'experience of organ donation,cognition of organ donation,reasons of hindering organ donation and agreeing with organ donation value.