污染环境犯罪中集体法益的限制性适用

Restrictive Application of Collective Legal Interest in Environmental Pollution Crime

在当前工业化不断加快与科技迅猛突破背景下,众多难以预测的环境风险不断累积,秩序与安全的价值得到了重新的审视。因此,在传统的个人法益保护视角下,污染环境罪已经无法对其本身所承载的保护任务做出有效回应。而集体法益视角下对群体利益以及社会发展资源安全的保护导向,已然在立法实践中展现出来。对该集体法益保护会不可避免地带来对个人自由侵犯的风险,且集体法益本身的抽象性也伴随着工具性扩张的潜能。因此通过对个人利益锚点的固定以及认定标准的客观化,可以适度削减未来集体法益在适用上的扩张趋势。

Under the background of accelerating industrialization and rapid breakthrough of science and technology,many unpredictable environmental risks have been accumulated,and the value of order and safety has been re-examined.Therefore,from the traditional perspective of personal legal interest protection,the crime of environmental pollution has been unable to effectively respond to its own protection task.From the perspective of collective legal interests,the protection orientation of group interests and social development resources security has been demonstrated in legislative practice.However,restrictions on the protection of the collective legal interest will inevitably lead to the infringement of individual freedom,and the abstractness of the collective legal interest itself is accompanied by the potential of instrumental expansion.By limiting the application situation and fixing the anchor point of individual interests,the expansion trend of collective legal interests in application can be moderately alleviated.