光伏板智能清洁机器人设计与实现

Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Cleaning Robot for Photovoltaic Panels

为有效解决光伏板表面灰尘覆盖问题,提高光伏电站光电转化效率,根据目前光伏板安装环境,设计一种光伏板智能清洁机器人。机器人由行走机构、清洁机构、控制模块以及各传感器组成,可在光伏板上自主进行清洁工作。对机器人的行走机构和清洁机构进行设计计算,再通过力学分析得出机器人运动稳定性条件,然后结合机器人功能对机器人的控制系统进行设计,最后制作出机器人样机。通过对机器人进行运动和清洁性能测试,此机器人可在25°以下的斜面上稳定运动,清洁机构对于浮尘或积垢类污渍都具有一定的清洁能力,且机器人可按照设计路径自主完成清洁工作。与传统清洁方式相比,在解决光伏板灰尘覆盖问题的同时,极大地降低了人工成本,减少了水资源的浪费。

To effectively solve the problem of dust coverage on the surface of photovoltaic panels and improve the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power plants,an intelligent cleaning robot for photovoltaic panels was designed based on the current installation environment of photovoltaic panels.The robot was composed of a walking mechanism,a cleaning mechanism,a control module,and various sensors,and could perform cleaning work independently on a photovoltaic panel.The walking mechanism and cleaning mechanism of the robot were designed and calculated,then the stability conditions of the robo′s motion were obtained through mechanical analysis.Combining with the robot′s functions,the control system of the robot was designed.Finally,a robot prototype was produced.Through motion and cleaning performance testing of the robot,it can stably move on an inclined plane below 25°;cleaning agencies have good cleaning capabilities for floating dust or scale buildup,and robots can recognize edges and independently complete cleaning tasks.Compared with traditional cleaning methods,it not only solves the problem of dust coverage on photovoltaic panels,but also greatly reduces labor costs and water waste.