miRNA与白内障发病机制相关的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between miRNA and pathogenesis of cataract

微小RNA(miRNA)是一种广泛存在的小的非编码RNA(ncRNA),长度为20-25个核苷酸。眼部组织中存在的miRNA通过参与细胞生长、增殖、分化和凋亡等过程在正常眼中发挥关键作用。白内障是全球致盲的主要原因,研究表明,miRNA与白内障的发生发展有关,其作为治疗和预防白内障的潜在靶点具有新的应用前景。文章通过氧化损伤、凋亡、自噬和上皮-间充质转化(EMT)等不同发病机制对miRNA在白内障发生发展过程中的研究进展进行综述。

The microRNA(miRNA)is a widely present small non-coding RNA(ncRNA),with a length of 20-25 nucleotides.The miRNA in eye tissue plays crucial roles in normal eyes by participating in processes such as cell growth,proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis.Cataracts are the main cause of blindness worldwide.Research has shown that miRNA is related to the occurrence and development of cataracts,and it has new application prospects as a potential target for the treatment and prevention of cataracts.This article reviews the relationship between miRNA and the occurrence and development of cataracts through several different pathogenesis mechanisms,including oxidative damage,apoptosis,autophagy,and epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT).