国民素描与国际叙事:社交媒体中外籍网红的他者视角研究

National Portrait and International Narrative:A Study of the Outsider Perspective of InfluencersonSocial Media

历史上中国人形象一般由游历者、记者、导演等传播者进行“他塑”,文学、新闻、电影等传统媒介成为“他塑”的传播形态。社交媒体出现后,一种较为新颖且具独特影响力的传播形态开始出现,即微博、抖音、西瓜视频上拥有巨大粉丝量的外籍网红,这一群体通过分享在中国的日常生活和文化体验,成为以“他者”视角传播中国人形象的新兴力量。在叙事过程中,外籍网红创新使用采访对话、实拍记录、剧情演绎的形式策略,灵活运用语言符号、非语言符号,客观、真实、生动呈现了中国人的多元形象。由此反思中国的国际叙事,亦可通过借用他者视角来创新叙事模式、呈现立体中国、寻求文化共性、降低文化折扣。

In history,the portrayal of Chinese people has often been shaped by propagandists such as journalists and directors,with traditional media like literature,news,and films serving merely as vehicles for dissemination.However,with the advent of social media,a new and influential means of spreading information has emerged.Notably,"foreign influencers"with substantial followings on platforms like Weibo,TikTok,and Watermelon Video have become a significant force in shaping the image of Chinese people from an outsider's perspective.These individuals share their daily lives and cultural experiences in China,offering a unique lens through which to view Chinese society.Through innovative techniques such as interviews,dialogue,filming,and roleplaying,coupled with the strategic use of both language and non-verbal symbols,they present multiple,objective,truthful,and vivid portrayals of Chinese people.As a result,they contribute to the diversification of the international narrative about China,showcasing its complexity and diversity.By adopting the perspective of outsiders,the international narrative in China has the potential to invent new storytelling methods,present multidimensional perspectives,seek cultural commonalities,and mitigate cultural biases.Through this approach,the portrayal of Chinese people can become more nuanced,inclusive,and representative of the rich tapestry of experiences and identities within the country.