曲靖市中大型农用拖拉机排放清单与空间分布研究

Research on emission inventory and spatial distribution of middle-large size agricultural tractors in Qujing City,China

为了解中国高原地区农用拖拉机排放状况,加强大气污染物的管控,利用车载排放测试系统(PEMS)对曲靖市中大型农用拖拉机实际工况下的尾气排放情况进行了测试,建立了2021年曲靖市中大型农用拖拉机大气污染物及温室气体排放清单。结果显示,2021年曲靖市中大型农用拖拉机氮氧化物(NO_(x))、CO、CO_(2)、碳氢化合物(HC)排放量分别是3657.165、797.601、175566.573、115.911 t。空间分布结果显示,曲靖市高排放区域主要是农业发达、耕地宽广、农民收入水平相对较高的陆良县、马龙区和宣威市;而城镇化程度较高的主城区麒麟区和地区经济状况较差的会泽县排放水平较低。为尽可能降低排放清单的不确定性,后续工作应针对不同车龄的大型农用拖拉机进行调研和测试,建立本地化排放因子数据库,为曲靖市和其他高原地区空气质量模拟预测与污染治理决策提供数据基础和科学支撑。

In order to understand the emission situation of agricultural tractors in the plateau areas of China and strengthen the control of air pollutants,this study utilized a portable emission measurement system(PEMS)to test the emissions of middle-large size agricultural tractors under actual working conditions in Qujing City,and established an inventory of the air pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions of middle-large size agricultural tractors in Qujing City in 2021.The results showed that the emissions of NO_x,CO,CO_(2)and HC from middle-large size agricultural tractors in Qujing City in 2021 were 3657.165,797.601,175566.573 and 115.911 t,respectively.The results of spatial distribution showed that the high pollutant emission areas in Qujing City were Luliang County,Malong District and Xuanwei City,which had well-developed agriculture,wide arable land,and relatively high levels of farmers'incomes,while the main urban area of Qilin District with high degree of urbanization,and Huize County with poorer regional economic situation had lower levels of emissions.In order to minimize the uncertainty of the emission inventory,follow-up work should be carried out to research and test tractors of different ages,and establish a localized database of emission factors,so as to provide a data base and scientific support for air quality simulation and prediction and pollution control decision making in Qujing City and other plateau areas.