好氧堆肥的生物除臭机制及原位控制技术进展

Research progress of biological deodorization mechanisms and in-situ control technologies in aerobic composting

因子调控是实现好氧堆肥臭气原位控制的最主要途径之一。总结了好氧堆肥中原位生物除臭的过程机制,从主控环境因子调控的角度综述了碳氮比、通气量、温度、含水率和pH对原位生物除臭技术中微生物群落结构和代谢活性的影响,总结了覆盖除臭法、腐熟堆肥回流法、功能菌接种法和其他辅助方法等综合环境因子调控技术。研究发现,未来应在不同臭气的协同转化路径和微生物作用机制,主控环境因子对臭气物质去除的微生物代谢影响,生物除臭技术的联用及辅助方法的使用等方面加强研究,为原位生物除臭技术的优化和应用提供理论指导。

Factor regulation is one of the most important ways to achieve in-situ control of odor in aerobic composting.The mechanism of in-situ biological deodorization process in aerobic composting were summarized.From the perspective of main control environmental factors for regulation,the effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio,ventilation volumn,temperature,moisture and pH on the community structure and metabolism activity of organisms in the in-situ biological deodorization technologies were reviewed.Comprehensive environmental factors for regulation were also summarized like covering deodorization method,matured compost reflux method,functional bacteria inoculation method,other assistant methods,and so on.Research results showed that the future research should focus on the collaborative transformation paths and microbial mechanisms of different odors,the main controlling environmental factors on microbial metabolism for odor removal,and the combined biological deodorization technologies and the relevant assistant methods,which could provide theoretical guidances for the optimization and application of in-situ biological deodorization technologies.