以检察建议助推涉住建领域的合法规范运营——以最高人民检察院第170号指导性案例为例

Enhance the Legal and Standard Operation in the Field of Housing Construction with Procuratorial Suggestions——Taking the No170 Guiding Case of the Supreme People's Procuratorate as an Exemplificaion

检例第170号展示了以检察建议助推涉住建领域合法规范运营的经验。人民检察院通过以检察建议为支撑的一系列举措,充分调动各方面资源,深度参与涉住建领域执法管理和社会治理,促进相关执法规范和治理规则的确立和完善,形成了各相关主体合法规范运营的良好态势。该案给我们重新认识和解释《行政诉讼法》第25条第4款关于检察建议的规定带来契机,即不在行政诉讼受案范围和行政公益诉讼受案范围内,检察机关仍然借助检察建议监督行政违法行为、推动相关领域社会治理。《人民检察院检察建议工作规定》对检察建议进行类型划分的标准比较混乱,应当以行政监督检察建议来统称对行政违法行为进行监督的检察建议。这类检察建议具有以个案检察建议转类案检察建议、从诉讼监督检察建议转社会治理检察建议以及坚持“在履行职责中发现”线索等核心特征。为进一步完善行政监督检察建议,应当完善检察建议的制发程序、在行政程序中建构行政机关的回复整改程序以及检察机关自我纠正的程序机制。

The procuratorial case No170 exemplifies the experience of enhancing legal and standard operation in the field of housing construction through procuratorial suggestionsThrough a series of measures supported by procuratorial suggestions,the peoples procuratorate has effectively mobilized multifaceted re sources,deeply engaged in law enforcement and social governance within the field of housing construction,and facilitated the establishment and improvement of pertinent law enforcement standards and governance regulations,fostering a positive tendency towards legal and standard operation across all relevant entitiesThis case presents an opportunity for a reexamination and reinterpretation of the provisions outlined in Arti cle 25,Section 4 of the Administrative Litigation Law concerning procuratorial suggestionsIn other words,despite falling outside the purview of administrative litigation and administrative public interest litigation,procuratorial organs continue to rely on such suggestions to oversee instances of administrative misconduct and facilitate social governance within relevant fieldsThe criterion of classifying procuratorial suggestions in the Provisions of the Peoples Procuratorate on the Work of Procuratorial Suggestions is very confused,and“administrative supervision procuratorial suggestions”should be adopted to term those procuratorial suggestions that oversee administrative illegal actsThis kind of procuratorial suggestions exhibits the funda mental characteristics of transitioning from individual case-based to class case-based,from litigation super vision-oriented to social governance-oriented,and upholding the principle of“uncovering clues through duty performance”In order to enhance administrative supervision procuratorial suggestions,the prepara tion and issuance procedures of procuratorial suggestions should be improved,the reply and rectification procedures of administrative organs should be established in the administrative procedures,and the proce dural mechanism of self-correction of procuratorial organs should be established.