马克思聚焦资本研究的多维成因探微

The Multidimensional Reasons for Marx's Exploration of Capital

马克思投身资本研究并非一时志趣,多重原因促成了马克思终其一生对“资本”给予持久思索和深度钻研。一是时代脉息,资本无孔不入地渗透铺陈出独特的社会背景,是马克思走上资本研究之路的时代缘由。二是家学家风,犹太血统、世代拉比的家族身份和崇尚资产阶级理性思想的家庭新风为马克思未来从事资本研究作了重要铺垫。三是大学深造,大学期间对法学的研习和向哲学的转变间接引发马克思对政治经济学的关注。四是社会初践,发表物质利益见解的难事、同青年黑格尔派决裂和批判空想社会主义,推动马克思正式关注政治经济学与资本问题。五是使命担当,马克思在理论与实践层面洞悉无产阶级作为资产阶级掘墓人的先进性与革命性后,就责无旁贷地承担起终身研究资本、指导无产阶级革命的伟大使命。有赖马克思对资本的深度系统研究,工人阶级和广大人民寻求解放的奋斗才有了更科学的理论支撑。

Marx's involvement in capital research was not a momentary interest,and there are many reasons that led to his lifelong contemplation and in-depth research.First,the pulse of the times.The pervasive infiltration of capital has created a unique social background,which is the historical reason why Marx embarked on the path of capital research.Second,the family style.Jewish descent,family identity of generations of Rabbi,and family fresh style that advocates the rational thinking of bourgeoisie,which had laid important foundations for Marx's future capital research.Third,college studies.During college,the study of law and the transformation of philosophy indirectly guided Marx's attention to political economics.Fourth,the initial practice in society.The problem of expressing public interest insights,the cracking of the same young Hegel,and criticized Utopian socialism had sparked Marx's formal attention to political economy and capital.Fifth,the mission.After Marx found that the proletariat was the most advanced revolutionary class and a bourgeoisie digger from the theory and practice,he had the mission of undertaking lifelong research capital and guiding the proletarian revolution.With Marx's deep system research on capital,the struggle of the working class and the general people seeking liberation has more scientific theoretical support.