仿生双模态肿瘤靶向纳米气泡超声造影剂的制备及其功能

Preparation of Biomimetic Dual-Mode Tumor-Targeted Nanobubbles as Ultrasound Contrast Agents and Its Function

目的制备仿生靶向纳米气泡IR780-红细胞膜@纳米气泡(IR780-RBCM@NBs),探讨其超声增强显影、逃避免疫监视和靶向肿瘤细胞的能力。材料与方法从小鼠血液中提取RBCM,通过改良薄膜水化法制备IR780-RBCM@NBs,检测纳米气泡理化特性。使用体外自制装备检测纳米气泡超声增强显影能力,激光共聚焦荧光显微镜观察纳米气泡保留RBCM表面CD47的特性,观察巨噬细胞吞噬纳米气泡情况及后者对不同肿瘤细胞的靶向探查能力。结果新制备的IR780-RBCM@NBs混悬液外观为乳液状,粒径约为(522.4±58.6)nm,分散性良好,显微镜下呈大小均一的球形,在纳米气泡上可以探测到IR-780,纳米气泡具有近红外荧光成像和超声增强显影的能力。在纳米气泡表面可探测到RBCM特异蛋白CD47,该纳米气泡具有优异的逃避免疫吞噬功能和高效靶向不同肿瘤细胞的能力。结论新制备的仿生靶向纳米气泡IR780-RBCM@NBs性能良好,能逃避免疫吞噬并高效靶向探查肿瘤,为肿瘤的分子靶向精准诊疗提供了新的思路。

Purpose To prepare biomimetic targeted nanobubbles(NBs)named IR780-RBCM@NBs and explore the ability of performing ultrasound enhancement,escaping immune surveillance and targeting tumor cells.Materials and Methods The red blood cell membrane(RBCM)was extracted from mouse blood,the IR780-RBCM@NBs were prepared by modified membrane hydration method,the physical and chemical properties of nanobubbles were detected.In vitro,self-made equipment was used to test the contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging ability of the nanobubbles.Laser confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the characteristics of the nanobubbles retaining CD47 on the RBCM surface,and further to observe the phagocytosis of the nanobubbles by macrophages and the targeting ability of the nanobubbles to different tumor cells.Results The newly prepared IR780-RBCM@NBs had the appearance of emulsion,the particle size was about(522.4±58.6)nm and the dispersity was good.It was spherical in uniform size under the microscope.IR-780 could be detected on the nanobubbles,which had the dual-mode imaging capabilities of near-infrared fluorescence imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging.The RBCM-specific protein CD47 could be detected on the surface of the nanobubbles.The nanobubbles exhibited excellent immune phagocytic escape function and high efficiency to target different tumor cells.Conclusion Newly prepared biomimetic targeted IR780-RBCM@NBs,with good performance,can escape immune phagocytosis and efficiently target tumors,providing a new idea for molecular targeted accurate diagnosis and treatment of tumors.