毛母质瘤超声分型与病理表现的相关性

Correlation Between Ultrasound Typing and Pathological Manifestations of Pilomatricoma

目的探讨毛母质瘤的超声征象与分型及病理表现的相关性。资料与方法回顾性分析2014年7月-2021年8月河南省中医院及河南中医药大学第一附属医院共76例(78个病灶)术后经病理证实的毛母质瘤的临床、超声及病理表现,根据声像图有无钙化及钙化模式,分为无钙化型、点状钙化型、片状钙化型及完全钙化型。结果毛母质瘤以10岁以下儿童最为多见,发病部位多位于头面部。多数病灶周边伴有低回声晕及钙化,78个病灶中51个病灶有不同程度钙化,占65.4%;36个病灶钙化伴有低回声晕,63个病灶内部以低回声为主,占80.8%,不同分型毛母质瘤的低回声晕(χ^(2)=15.624,P=0.001)和内部回声(χ^(2)=12.801,P=0.021)差异有统计学意义;78个病灶中均检出影子细胞和嗜碱性细胞,54个超声显示低回声晕的病灶中50个病灶周边发现嗜碱性细胞,不同分型的毛母质瘤超声表现与病理构成有相对应的特征性改变。结论各型毛母质瘤的超声表现有所不同,与病理改变有相关性。掌握不同分型毛母质瘤的声像图表现有助于术前诊断。

Purpose To investigate the ultrasound features and classification of pilomatricoma and its correlation with pathological manifestations.Materials and Methods The clinical,ultrasound and pathological data of 76 patients(78 lesions)postoperative confirmed pilomatricoma in Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2014 to August 2021 were analyzed,retrospectively.According to the presence or absence of calcification and the pattern of calcification in the sonogram,they were divided into no calcification type,dotted calcification type,sheet calcification type and complete calcification type.Results Pilomatricoma were most common in children under 10,with predilection location in the face and head.Most lesions were surrounded by hypoechoic halo and calcification,51 of 78 lesions had different degrees of calcification,accounting for about 65.4%;36 lesions were with hypoechoic halo;63 lesions were mainly hypoechoic,accounting for about 80.8%.There were statistical differences in hypoechoic halo(χ^(2)=15.624,P=0.001)and internal echo(χ^(2)=12.801,P=0.021)among different classification pilomatricoma.Shadow cells and basicyte were detected in all 78 lesions,basophil cells were found in the periphery of 50 out of 54 lesions showing hypoechoic halos.The ultrasound manifestations of different types had characteristic changes corresponding to their pathological composition.Conclusion The ultrasound performance varies among the different types of pilomatricoma,and there is a correlation with its pathological changes.Familiarization with the sonographic presentation of pilomatricoma in the different types contributes to the preoperative diagnosis.