美国“英雄救世”电影价值观批判——论美国商业电影制作体系与电影价值观之演变

The American“Hero Salvation”Film Values Criticism:On the Evolution of the American Commercial Film Production System and Film Values

美国电影价值观有其内在结构,底层是欧洲的文化价值观,“美国梦”表达了美国独特的价值观,好莱坞电影艺术呈现了美国价值观体系。法兰克福学派批判了欧美20世纪初兴起的文化工业,认为其商品化和工业化生产伤害了文化艺术,暗含着资本主义意识形态控制的功能。美国“商业电影”制作模式必然地产生了“英雄拯救世界”类型电影,将个人英雄主义和英雄救世哲学上升到了哲学世界观高度,其中的极端个人英雄主义对美国社会有着“光谱式”的影响。中国电影应构造有中国特色的价值观体系,创作出具有中国特色的英雄主义电影。

American film values have an internal structure.The bottom layer is European cultural values.The“American Dream”expresses the unique values of the United States,and Hollywood films artistically present the American value system.The Frankfurt School criticized the cultural industry that emerged in Europe and the United States at the beginning of the 20th century,believing that its commercialization and industrialized production harmed culture and art,implying the function of capitalist ideological control.The American“commercial film”production model inevitably produced the“hero saves the world”type of film,which elevated personal heroism and heroic salvation philosophy to the level of a philosophical worldview.The extreme personal heroism in it has a“spectral”impact on American society.Chinese films should construct a value system with Chinese characteristics and create Chinese heroic films.