基于振动及声学测量的风电叶片结构健康监测研究综述

Review of Structural Health Monitoring of Wind Turbine Blades Based on Vibration and Acoustic Measurement

叶片的健康状态对风力发电的效率和可靠性具有重要影响,其造价与损伤概率在风力发电机的各部件中位于前列。目前,国内外学者已针对风电叶片结构健康监测开展大量的研究,其中基于振动测量和声学测量的方法具有测量范围广、数据处理方便等优势。为了充分了解当前的研究进展,在阐述风电叶片各类结构健康监测方法的基础上,从基于固有特性的方法、基于健康指标的方法、基于统计建模的方法和基于机器学习的方法等四个方面综述了基于振动测量的相关研究,从基于独立麦克风测量的方法和基于麦克风阵列测量的方法等两个方面综述了基于声学测量的相关研究。最后,对论文涵盖的风电叶片结构健康监测方法进行总结,并展望了未来研究需要进一步关注的方向。

Health conditions of blades are significant to the efficiency and reliability of wind power generation,and blades occupy an important position in both costs and damage probability among all components in wind turbines.Recently,plenty of studies have been reported in the field of structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades.In addition,structural health monitoring methods based on vibration and acoustic measurement have advantages in sensing ranges and data processing.Therefore,available structural health monitoring methods for wind turbine blades are firstly provided.Then,vibration-based investigations are reviewed in terms of inherent property,health index,statistical modelling,and machine learning,and acoustic-based investigations are reviewed in terms of independent microphone and microphone array.Finally,review conclusions are given,and future research directions in structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades are prospected.