骨盆矢状位X射线影像学参数评估经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松脊柱椎体压缩性骨折的疗效和预后研究

Curative effect and prognostic assessment of PKP in treating osteoporosis-caused spinal vertebral compression fractures by using imaging parameters of pelvic sagittal X-ray

目的:探讨骨盆矢状位X射线影像学参数对经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松脊柱椎体压缩性骨折的疗效和预后评估价值。方法:选取2022年1月至2023年1月在海南医学院第二附属医院治疗的198例骨质疏松引起的脊柱椎体压缩性骨折患者,依据治疗效果将其分为有效组(171例)和无效组(27例)。所有患者均接受PKP治疗,术前测量包括第7颈椎(C7)矢状垂直轴偏差(SVA)、第1胸椎骨盆角度(T1PA),胸廓后凸(TK)、腰椎前凸(LL)以及骶骨斜率(SS)等参数,比较临床疗效及预后。结果:经PKP治疗后,198例患者中治愈49例,显效69例,一般53例,无效27例,有效组患者SVA、LL及SS明显低于无效组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.485、3.250、2.325,P<0.05),T1PA、TK明显高于无效组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.387、3.245,P<0.05)。198例患者中39例术后发生并发症(骨水泥渗漏20例,邻椎再发骨折15例,肺栓塞2例,其他2例);159例未发生并发症。未发生并发症患者的SVA、LL、SS明显低于发生并发症患者,差异有统计学意义(t=10.304、5.669、0.844,P<0.05),T1PA、TK明显高于发生并发症患者,差异有统计学意义(t=3.494、5.550,P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示,SVA、T1PA、TK、LL及SS评估PKP治疗骨质疏松脊柱椎体压缩性骨折疗效和预后均具有一定的价值。结论:术前检测骨盆矢状位X射线影像学参数,可对骨质疏松脊柱椎体压缩性骨折的疗效和预后进行评估,为临床疗效和预后提供一定的参考依据。

Objective:To explore the curative effect and prognostic assessment value of percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)in treating osteoporosis-caused spinal vertebral compression fractures by using imaging parameters of pelvic sagittal X-ray.Methods:A total of 198 patients with osteoporosis-caused spinal vertebral compression fractures who received treatment from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected,and they were divided into effective group(171 cases)and ineffective group(27 cases)according to the treatment effect.All patients underwent PKP treatment,and the parameters of preoperative measurements included sagittal vertical axis(SVA)of cervical vertebra 7(C7),the thoracic vertebra 1 pelvic angle(T1PA),thoracic kyphosis(TK),lumbar lordosis(LL)and sacral slope(SS).The clinically curative effect and prognosis between two groups were compared.Results:After PKP treatment,49 cases of 198 patients were cured,and 69 cases appeared significant effect,and 53 cases were effective,and 27 cases were ineffective.The SVA,LL and SS levels of effective group were significantly lower than those of ineffective group,and the differences of them were statistically significant(t=6.485,3.250,2.325,P<0.05),and the T1PA and TK of the effective group were significantly higher than those of the ineffective group(t=2.387,3.245,P<0.05),respectively.In 198 patients,39 cases occurred postoperative complications(20 cases occurred bone cement leakage,and 15 cases occurred recurrent adjacent vertebral fracture,and 2 cases occurred pulmonary embolism,and 2 cases occurred others),and 159 cases did not occurred complications.The SVA,LL and SS levels in patients without complications were significantly lower than those in patients with complications(t=10.304,5.669,0.844,P<0.05),and the T1PA and TK of patients without complications were significantly higher than those of patients with complications,and the differences were significant(t=3.494,5.550,P<0.05),respectively.The results of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that SVA,T1PA,TK,LL and SS had a certain value in assessing the curative effect and prognosis of PKP in treating osteoporosis-caused spinal vertebral compression fractures.Conclusion:Preoperative detection of imaging parameters of pelvic sagittal X-ray can assess the curative effect and prognosis of osteoporosis-caused spinal vertebral compression fractures,which can provide a certain reference for clinical treatment.