工作准备理论下大学生实习对就业能力提升影响研究

Research on the influence of college students’internship on the improvement of employability under the theory of work readiness

在就业市场日益严峻的环境下,实习作为获取技能的方法越来越受到关注。基于工作准备理论,文章通过收集大学生在实习结束后对工作准备程度的看法数据,探讨大学生实习对就业能力提升的影响。工作准备的概念从消费者准备转化而来,从角色认知、能力和动机3个维度进行阐释。通过问卷调查采集2020—2022年间N大学毕业生的实习数据,采用李克特7级评分,经分析结果如下:有过实习经历的学生对工作准备的各个方面进行了较为积极地评估,明确地知道用人单位对他们在工作中的期望,能有效使用工作中所需的技能,相较内在奖励更重视外在奖励。基于此,从学生、高校、企业、政府4个层面提出增强实习有效性的建议措施,切实提升大学生就业能力。

In the increasingly challenging job market environment,internships as a way to acquire skills are receiving more and more attention.Based on the theory of work readiness,this article collects data on the views of college students on their level of work readiness after completing internships,and explores the impact of internships on improving their employability.The concept of work readiness is derived from consumer preparation and is explained from three dimensions:role cognition,ability,and motivation.A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect internship data of graduates from N University from 2020 to 2022,using a Likert 7-level rating.The analysis results are as follows:students who have had internship experience have evaluated various aspects of work readiness positively,clearly understanding the expectations of employers for them in their work,and being able to effectively use the skills required in their work.Compared to internal rewards,external rewards are more important.Based on this,suggestions and measures are proposed from four levels:students,universities,enterprises,and governments to enhance the effectiveness of internships and effectively enhance the employment ability of college students.