叙述与社会化:奇幻文学的“英雄之旅”书写

Narration and Socialization:The“Hero's Journey”in FantasyLiterature

本文以中西奇幻文学经典作品为主要研究对象,尝试探讨奇幻文学如何通过特定的叙述模式来实现其社会化功能。奇幻小说通常包含一种“任务-努力-成功”的肯定性结构模式,主人公响应冒险的召唤,开启一段英雄之旅,历经考验之路,最后完成使命并获得奖赏。叙述者将社会认可的特定价值观通过这种具有肯定性的“完型结构”,潜移默化地传递给读者,让读者在阅读过程中与主人公产生认同,一起参与冒险、收获成功并认可这些能让主人公取得成功的价值观。读者与主人公共同成长,在冒险归来后更好地扮演自己的社会角色,更好地融入社会。

This paper aims to explore the socialization function of fantasy literature through the study of Western and Chinese quest fantasy classics.Fantasy narrative usually contains a certain pattern of"task-effort-success".The protagonist is sent on a hero's journey,undergoes trials,and finally completes his mission and receives a reward.The narrator imparts specific values to the reader through this affirmative"structural completeness",so that the reader identifies with the protagonist and gains these values that enable the hero to succeed in the process of adventuring with him.In doing so,the reader,like the hero,can become a better social entity,better integrate into society,and better play his social role when he returns from the adventure.It is through this model that fantasy literature implicitly instills socially accepted values and worldviews in readers as they read,allowing them to follow the adventures and grow with the protagonist.