生源地实习对农村订单定向免费医学生职业认同的影响

The effect of internship at the student’s hometown on the occupational identity of order-oriented medical students free of charge with rural background

目的:探究农村订单定向免费医学生生源地实习前后职业认同的差异及影响因素。方法:选取温州医科大学208名实习阶段2019级全科医学专业学生,采用职业认同量表,在生源地实习前后分别进行“前测-后测”调查,采用配对t检验比较定向医学生实习前后职业认同的差异,采用独立样本t检验比较不同因素对定向医学生职业认同的影响。结果:定向医学生的职业认同水平中等偏高,职业认同总体得分在实习后得到提高,差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05),职业认同各维度间均呈现显著正相关(P<0.05)。实习前后,定向医学生的职业承诺水平都处于职业认同水平的末端,考研升学是降低定向生职业承诺的重要因素。有基层社区实践经历的学生职业认同高于无基层社区实践经历的学生(P<0.05),性别、生源地、定向工作地点对定向医学生的职业认同均无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论:校地协同推进定向医学生生源地实习,增加基层社区实践机会,强化定向医学生培养过程中的家乡意识和本地情感,重视定向医学生本科、研究生阶段的一体化衔接培养,总体提升定向医学生的职业认同。

Objective:To explore the differences and influencing factors of occupational identity among order-oriented charge-free rural medical students before and after their internship in their location of origin.Methods:The Occupational Identity Scale was used to conduct pre-test&post-test on 208 students of 2019 majoring in general medicine in Wenzhou Medical University.Occupational identity of the target students before and after the internship was tested by paired t-test,and the influence of different factors on the occupational identity was tested by the independent sample t-test.Results:Rural order-oriented free medical students had a moderate to high level of occupational identity,and after internships in their hometowns,the overall level of professional identity improved,showing a significant positive correlation among the dimensions of occupational identity(P<0.05).Before and after the internship,their occupational commitment level was at the end of the occupational identity level,and taking postgraduate entrance exam was an important factor to reduce their occupational commitment.Students with grassroots community practice had higher occupational identity than those without the same experience(P<0.05).Gender,place of origin,and target work location have no significant impact on the occupational identity of rural order-oriented free medical students(P>0.05).Conclusion:Collaboration between schools and local governments should be made to encourage internship for rural order-oriented free medical students in their hometowns,increase opportunities for grassroots community practice,and strengthen the hometown awareness and local emotions in the whole educational process,thus enhancing their occupational identity.