经颅直流电刺激在健康个体认知功能增强中的应用研究进展

Reviewof research progress on the application of transcranialdirect current stimulation on healthy individual cognitive function enhancement

认知功能增强是增强大脑某一个或多个核心能力的过程。经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)作为一种非侵入性神经调控技术,具有调节特定脑区皮质兴奋性、突触可塑性以及脑网络功能连通性等特征,可用于改善人类感知觉、工作记忆、注意、运动学习和决策等认知功能。该文综述了tDCS作用于大脑皮质调节神经元活动的神经生理机制及单次tDCS在健康人群感知觉、工作记忆、注意、运动学习、决策和语言等认知表现方面的研究进展,为tDCS干预脑皮质增强认知功能提供参考。

Cognitive function enhancement refers to the process of enhancing one or more core component of human brain cognition.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS),as a non-invasive neuromodulation technique,can regulate brain cortical excitability,synaptic plasticity and brain networks functional connection.tDCS can be used to modulate cognitive function components,such as perception,working memory,attention,motor learning and decisionmaking.This article reviews the neural and physiological mechanism of tDCS over cerebral cortex modulating neural activity and the research progress in human cognitive performance of single tDCS on perception,working memory,attention,motor learning,decision-making and language of healthy individuals in order to provide reference for researchers.