聚丙烯腈基纤维膜的制备及其在重金属废水处理中的应用

Preparation of Polyacrylonitrile Based Fiber Membrane and Its Application in Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment

为了提高重金属离子废水的处理效果,以聚丙烯腈(PAN)和聚氨酯(PU)为原料制备了聚丙烯腈基纤维膜(PAN/PU),并对其胺肟化改性得到聚丙烯腈基高性能纤维膜(AOPAN/PU),研究了致孔剂含量对AOPAN/PU性能的影响。结果表明,当添加质量分数均为5%的PVP和PEG的混合致孔剂时,PAN/PU纤维膜微孔结构变大且规整,水通量增加,经过胺肟改性后其亲水性有较大提升,同时对金属离子具有高效的截留性能。AOPAN/PU纤维膜对Cu^(2+)、Fe^(3+)和Zn^(2+)混合金属溶液进行处理后,各金属离子的截留率均在90%以上,剩余金属离子浓度均可达到国家饮用水标准。

In order to improve the treatment effect of heavy metal ion wastewater,polyacrylonitrile based fiber membrane(PAN/PU)was prepared with polyacrylonitrile(PAN)and polyurethane(PU)as raw materials and modified with aminoxime to obtain polyacrylonitrile based high-performance fiber membrane(AOPAN/PU),and the effect of pore forming agents on the performance of fiber membranes is studied.The results show that the PAN/PU fiber membrane has large and regular micropore structure,increased water flux,improved hydrophilicity after modification by amine oxime,and has high retention performance for metal ions when the mixture of 5%PVP and PEG is added.After the treatment of Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+)and Zn^(2+)mixed metal solution by AOPAN/PU fiber membrane,the retention rate of each metal ion is more than 90%,and the remaining metal ion concentration can meet the national drinking water standard.