顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分析核桃分心木中挥发性成分

Analyzing the Volatile Components of Diaphragma Juglandis Fructus Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS

为揭示核桃分心木的关键挥发性风味物质,采用HS-SPME-GC-MS定性、定量分析核桃分心木中挥发性化合物,并通过主成分分析法分析其特征挥发性成分. HS-SPME-GC-MS从核桃分心木中共鉴定出7种挥发性成分,其中醛类占总含量的30.12%,酸类占总含量的21.38%,醇类、酮类及杂环类化合物含量较低.对7种主要挥发性物质进行主成分分析,提取了两个主成分,累计方差贡献率达到100%.分析发现,乙醛、壬醛、乙酸、二甲基酮、2-戊基呋喃与第1主成分呈高度正相关,壬烯醛与第1主成分呈高度负相关.第2主成分的贡献率为23.21%,其中乙醇的影响最大,呈高度正相关,这些物质是影响核桃分心木香气的关键性成分.在7种挥发性物质中,醛类物质占了3种.综上认为,醛类物质是核桃分心木主要特征香气成分.

In order to determine the key aroma compounds from diaphragma juglandis fructus,the aroma compounds in diaphragma juglandis fructus are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by using head-spacesolid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS),and the characteristic volatile components are analyzed by principal component analysis.A total of 7 volatile components are identified from the diaphragma juglandis fructus,aldehydes account for 30.12%of total content,acids account for 21.38%of total content,and the content of alcohols,ketones and heterocyclic compounds are low.Principal component analysis is performed on seven major volatile substances and two principal components are extracted with the cumulative variance contribution rate reaching 100%.The analysis finds that aldehyde,nonanal,acetic acid,acetone,2-pentylfuran are highly positively correlated with first principal component,and nonenal is highly negatively correlated with first principal component.The contribution rate of principal component 2 is 23.21%,among which,ethanol is the most influential one,and highly positively correlated with principal components,these substances are the key component affecting the aroma of diaphragma juglandis fructus.The aldehydes account for three species of the seven kinds of volatile substances.In conclusion,aldehydes are the main characteristic aroma components of diaphragma juglandis fructus.