国际直接投资与高新技术企业自主创新关系的实证分析

Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between International Direct Investment and Independent Innovation of High-tech Enterprises

为充分发挥国际直接投资对高新技术企业自主创新的促进作用,本文以2010~2022年的电子及通信设备制造业面板数据为基础,就国际直接投资与高新技术企业自主创新的关系进行实证研究。通过选取自变量、因变量、控制变量、门限变量,进行描述性统计、回归分析、稳健性检验和内生性检验,分析因变量和自变量之间的关系。结果表明:电子及通信设备制造业自主创新存在明显差异,其中,技术投入资金反向抑制其自主创新,而国际直接投资、研发人力资本、研发人员报酬、企业规模、国家研发补贴、市场经营状况、对外开放水平正向促进其自主创新;电子及通信设备制造业与技术投入资金之间存在一对协整关系,与国际直接投资、研发人力资本、企业规模、研发人员报酬、国家研发补贴、市场经营状况、对外开放水平均存在两对协整关系,且均在1%显著性水平下显著相关;国际直接投资可正向促进电子及通信设备制造业自主创新,并随着研发人力资本门限值的增大,促进作用表现为先下降后上升的特点;将研发人力资本的门限值设定为小于11.364,可更好发挥国际直接投资对电子及通信设备制造业的自主创新促进作用。基于实证结果得出,要进一步发挥国际直接投资对高新技术企业自主创新的促进作用,需要从改善投资环境、引进研发人员、加大投入资金、营造自主创新氛围、加强行业对外开放、开展良性行业竞争等对策入手。

In order to give full play to the role of international direct investment in promoting the independent innovation of high-tech enterprises,this paper conducts an empirical research on the relationship between international direct investment and in⁃dependent innovation of high-tech enterprises based on the panel data of the electronic and communication device manufacturing in⁃dustry from 2010 to 2022.By selecting independent variables,dependent variables,control variables and threshold variables,de⁃scriptive statistics,regression analysis,robustness test,and endogenesis test are conducted,and the relationship between the de⁃pendent and independent variables is analyzed.The results reveal that there are obvious differences in the independent innovation of electronic and communication device manufacturing industry,among which,the technology investment reversely inhibits its inde⁃pendent innovation,while international direct investment,R&D human capital,enterprise scale,National R&D subsidies,market operating conditions and the level of opening to the outside world positively promote its independent innovation.There is a pair of cointegration relationships between the electronic and communication device manufacturing industry and R&D investment,there are two pairs of co-integration relationships with international direct investment,R&D human capital,enterprise scale,technology in⁃vestment,national R&D subsidies,market operating conditions,and the level of opening to the outside world,and all are signifi⁃cantly correlated when the level of significance is 1%.International direct investment can positively promote the independent innova⁃tion of electronic and communication device manufacturing industry,and with the increase of R&D human capital threshold,the promoting effect shows a characteristic of first decreasing and then increasing.Setting the threshold value of R&D human capital to less than 11364 can better play the role of international direct investment in promoting the independent innovation of electronic and communication device manufacturing industry.Based on the empirical results,it is concluded that in order to further play the role of international direct investment in promoting the independent innovation of high-tech enterprises,it is necessary to start from impro⁃ving the investment environment,introducing R&D personnel,increasing investment,creating an atmosphere of independentinno⁃vation,strengthening the opening up of the industry,and carryingout healthy industry competition.