抗生素与肠道疾病相关性研究进展

Advances in the research on the relevance of antibiotics in intestinal diseases

肠道微生物群在肠道疾病的发病机制中发挥着越来越重要的作用,其不仅能够改变肠道内菌群和代谢物的变化,更能直接或间接调控肠道内环境的免疫反应,最终加重肠道的损伤。抗生素作为对抗不利于肠道健康的菌群的主流药物,可通过降低肠道内细菌浓度、改变肠道微生物群的组成、调节代谢物的产生以及调控免疫反应等方式来影响肠道疾病的发病进程。但抗生素在应用于肠道疾病治疗的过程中仍存在许多不确定性,例如多重耐药病原体的出现、抗生素抗性基因的高表达以及全身性副作用及并发症的发生等。本文作者详细描述了肠道疾病的发生与肠道微生物群的关联;抗生素在肠道疾病治疗中的临床应用;并对抗生素在肠道疾病治疗中的利弊作用进行了系统总结,为抗生素在肠道疾病中的运用提供有力支撑。

The intestinal microbiota plays an increasingly critical role in the pathogenesis of intestinal diseases,not only by altering the intestinal flora and metabolites,but also by directly or indirectly modulating the immune response in the intestinal environment,ultimately exacerbating intestinal damage.Antibiotics,as mainstream drugs against bacteria that are detrimental to intestinal health,can affect the pathogenesis of intestinal diseases by reducing the concentration of bacteria in the gut,altering the composition of the intestinal microbiota,regulating the production of metabolites,and modulating the immune response.However,there are still many uncertainties in the application of antibiotics for the treatment of intestinal diseases,such as the emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens,high expression of antibiotic resistance genes,and the occurrence of systemic side effects and complications.This review introduced the relationship between the occurrence of intestinal diseases and intestinal microbiota,described the clinical application of antibiotics in the treatment of intestinal diseases,and systematically summarized the pros and cons of the role of antibiotics in the treatment of intestinal diseases,which provided strong support for the application of antibiotics in intestinal diseases.