辽宁省审定的水稻品种变化趋势分析

Analysis of Approved Rice Varieties and Their Trend in Liaoning Province

为了解辽宁省审定的水稻品种变化趋势,对2011~2020年辽宁省审定的213个水稻品种种类、育种主体、产量、品质和稻瘟病抗性等进行分析。结果表明,审定的水稻品种以常规粳稻为主,占比92.0%,企业和科研院所年审定数量均呈上升趋势。年均产量平稳提升,自2015年后,55个品种产量突破10 000 kg/hm2。审定的优质稻品种数量占比达到84.98%,优质稻品种审定数量呈上升趋势,年度占比呈下降趋势。垩白度、碱消值年均值呈上升趋势,分别在部标2、3级范围内波动,品质育种应该注意降低垩白度,提高碱消值。2011~2020年,已审定品种稻瘟病抗性由70.0%提高至96.2%,呈上升趋势,但高抗品种数量仍然较少。分析结果为辽宁省品种选育提供有力的科学依据和指导价值。

In order to understand the change trend of rice varieties approved in Liaoning Province,the varieties,breeding subjects,yield,quality and blast resistance of 213 rice varieties approved in 2011~2020 were analyzed.The results showed that conventional japonica rice was the main approved rice variety,accounting for 92.0%.The annual approved number of enterprises and research institutes showed a rising trend.Since 2015,the yield of 55 varieties has exceeded 10000 kg/hm 2.The number of approved high-quality rice varieties accounted for 84.98%,the number of approved high-quality rice varieties showed a rising trend,the annual proportion showed a descending trend.The annual average value of chalkiness and alkali digestion value showed a rising trend and fluctuated in the range of 2 and 3 grades respectively.Quality breeding should pay attention to reduce chalkiness and increase alkali digestion value.From 2011 to 2020,the blast resistance of approved varieties increased from 70.0%to 96.2%,showing an upward trend,but the number of highly resistant varieties was still small.This paper analyzed the trend of approved varieties in Liaoning province,and provided strong scientific basis and guiding value for breed selection.