辽宁稻区水稻新品系抗寒性鉴定

Identification of Cold Resistance of New Rice Lines in Liaoning Rice Region

冷害被认为是影响水稻生产的重要因素之一,为促使科研成果尽快转化为现实生产力,提高水稻综合生产力,加大新品种的抗逆性研究,特别是抗寒性研究,筛选抗寒资源,为加速良种推广与合理布局提供科学依据,试验对来自辽宁稻区的81个粳稻品系采用冷水灌溉法进行抗寒性鉴定。结果表明:冷水处理后各品系的农艺性状和产量性状均呈现下降趋势,其中株高降低1.3~39 cm;穗长减少0.3~10.6 cm;每穗总粒数减少2~89粒;结实率降幅为34.5%~96.6%;正常结实品种千粒重降低0.9~16.9 g;产量降幅为47%~100%。综合来看,北粳G1、YJ6、北粳G12、辽优86、北粳G5、北粳G6、辽粳香3号、铁粳2114、KH12这9份材料抗寒性较好,属于第一层次,可为粳稻耐寒育种提供利用价值。

Cold damage is considered one of the important factors affecting rice production.In order to promote the rapid transformation of scientific research achievements into practical productivity,improve the comprehensive productivity of rice,increase the research on stress resistance of new varieties,especially cold resistance,screen cold resistance resources,and provide scientific basis for accelerating the promotion and rational layout of high-quality varieties.This experiment used cold water irrigation method to identify the cold resistance of 81 japonica rice lines from Liaoning rice region.The results showed that after cold water treatment,The agronomic and yield traits of each strain are showing a downward trend.Among them,the plant height decreased by 1.3~39 cm;Reduce ear length by 0.3~10.6 cm;Reduce the total number of grains per spike by 2~89 grains;The decrease in fruiting rate is 34.5%~96.6%;Normal and sturdy varieties reduce thousand grain weight by 0.9~16.9 g;Thedecrease in yield per mu is 47%~100%.Overall,BeijingG1,YJ 16,BeijingG 12,Liaoyou 86,BeijingG 6,Liaojing Xiang 3,Tiejing 2114,and KH12 have good cold resistance,with a yield reduction of 47%~55.7%,which belongs to the first level and provides important utilization value for cold tolerance breeding of japonica rice.