大型预制钢梁三维激光扫描检测技术研究

Study on 3D Laser Scanning Detection Technology for Large Prefabricated Steel Girders

由于钢结构桥梁一般采用分段、分体的方式制作,传统的预制钢构件出厂检测方法存在耗时耗力且无法获取高精度数据的缺陷,检测成果缺少可信度。本文结合三维激光扫描(TLS)技术,研究基于三维激光点云逆向建模的大型钢结构桥梁结构检测方法;提出基于球特征的大场景高精度点云拼接技术,阐述基于三维模型切片的高精度预制构件尺寸检测方法,获取模型特征平面切片,进而提取钢构件检测尺寸。实践结果表明,该方法能够精确、高效完成钢构件尺寸检测,具有良好的实用性。

Due to the fact that steel structural bridges are usually made using block methods,the traditional on-site inspection means for prefabricated steel components are time-consuming,labor-intensive and unable to obtain high-precision data,resulting in unreliable inspection results.In combination with TLS technology,this article studies a structural detection method for large steel structure bridges based on 3D laser point cloud reverse modeling.A high-precision point cloud registering technology for large scenes based on sphere features is proposed,and a high-precision inspection method for prefabricated components based on 3D model slicing is elaborated to obtain model feature plane sections and then extract the detection size of prefabricated components.Practical results have shown that this method can accurately and efficiently detect the size of steel components,making it highly practical.