老年人口腔衰弱患病率的Meta分析

Meta-analysis of the Prevalence of Oral Frailty in the Elderly

背景人口老龄化加剧,老年人健康备受关注;口腔衰弱作为老年人衰弱的新表型,其患病率直接关系到老年人生活质量。全面了解老年人口腔衰弱现状,对于制订有效的预防和干预措施具有重要意义。目的系统评价老年人口腔衰弱的患病率。方法计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang Data)、维普网(VIP)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL及Cochrane Library数据库中老年人口腔衰弱患病率的相关研究,检索时限为建库至2024-04-19。由2名研究者独立对文献进行筛选、信息提取及质量评价,采用Stata 14.0软件对纳入文献进行Meta分析。结果共纳入19篇横断面研究,总样本量为11776例,偏倚风险质量评分为6~9分,均为中等或高质量。Meta分析结果显示,老年人口腔衰弱的总患病率为29.5%(95%CI=24.1%~35.2%),口腔衰弱前期总患病率为47.9%(95%CI=40.5%~55.4%)。亚组分析结果显示,老年人口腔衰弱患病率随年龄增长递增,使用口腔衰弱指数-8筛查的老年人口腔衰弱患病率更高(P<0.05)。结论老年人口腔衰弱总患病率较高,应重点关注我国高龄老年人的口腔健康状况,选择适宜的筛查评估工具并尽早采取干预措施。

Background Population aging has heightened,raising concerns about elderly health.Oral frailty,a novel frailty phenotype in the elderly,directly impacts the quality of life.A thorough grasp of oral frailty's prevalence in the elderly is crucial for formulating effective preventive and interventional strategies.Objective To systematically evaluate the prevalence of oral frailty in the elderly.Methods The CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases were searched for literature related to the study purpose with a time limit of the construction of the database to 19 April 2024.Literature was independently screened,information extracted and quality assessed by 2 researchers,and meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 software.Results A total of 19 cross-sectional studies were included,with a total sample size of 11776 cases and a risk of bias quality score of 6-9,all of which were of moderate or high quality.Metaanalysis showed that the prevalence of oral frailty in elderly people was 29.5%(95%CI=24.1%-35.2%),and the prevalence of pre-oral frailty was 47.9%(95%CI=40.5%-55.4%).Subgroup analyses showed that the progressive increase in the prevalence of oral frailty in the elderly with advancing age.Higher prevalence rates of oral frailty were observed in individuals screened using the Oral Frailty Index-8(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of oral frailty is high in the elderly,and attention should be focused on the oral health status of the elderly in China,with the selection of appropriate screening and assessment tools and early interventions.