基于全基因组选择的高产花生选育方法

A method of peanut breeding of large pod and high yield based on genomic selection

本研究旨在批量开展花生杂交组配,为高效培育高产花生新品种提供理论指导。利用多年多点百果重和单株生产力的表型数据和深度为10×的重测序数据对220份花生种质进行全基因组选择分析。结果表明,表型数据符合正态分布,基因组数据质控后获得527469个高质量SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism)位点;基于表型数据,利用GBLUP(genomic best linear unbiased prediction)模型计算单株生产力和百果重的估计育种值;对估计育种值进行标准化,分别赋予70%和30%的权重,获得花生种质个体的综合育种值;综合育种值排名前20的材料共有190个组合,计算两两间的组合综合育种值;基于基因组数据,利用G矩阵计算两两材料间的亲缘关系系数;将组合综合育种值和亲缘关系系数进行标准化,分别赋予80%和20%的权重,计算组配综合得分;根据组配综合得分的排名直接选择亲本配制组合。综上所述,由开农30×开选016组合产生的种质材料适合作高产亲本,利用全基因组选择可高效、准确计算组合间排名,批量选择亲本组合,快速提高育种效率。

The batch selection of peanut cross combination study was carried out to provide theoretical guidance for the efficient breeding of new peanut varieties with high yield.Genomic selection analysis of 220 peanut germplasm resources was conducted using phenotypic data of single plant productivity and 100-pod weight at multiple locations for many years and re-sequencing data with depth of 10.Results showed that the phenotypic data were normally distributed,after genome data control,a total of 527469 high-quality SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism)sites were obtained.The estimated breeding values of single plant productivity and 100-pod weight were calculated by GBLUP(genomic best linear unbiased prediction)model based on phenotypic data.The estimated breeding values were standardized,and the weights of single plant productivity and 100-pod weight were 70%and 30%,respectively,to obtain the comprehensive breeding index of peanut germplasm individuals.There were 190 hybrid combinations of the top 20 materials which showed comprehensive breeding values,and the comprehensive breeding index of any two combinations were calculated.The coefficient of parentage between each two materials was calculated using G matrix based on the genome data.Standardize the comprehensive breeding index of combination and coefficient of parentage,assign 80%and 20%weights respectively to calculate the comprehensive score of the combination.According to the ranking of the comprehensive score of the combination,we could select the parent directly to set hybrid combination.In conclusion,the germplasm materials derived from the combination Kainong30×Kaixuan016 are suitable for high-yield parents.Genomic selection can efficiently and accurately calculate the ranking among combinations to select the parents and to make cross combinations in batches,improving the breeding efficiency rapidly.