寒冷地区农村低温空气源热泵运行特性试验研究

Experimental study on operating characteristics of low temperature air source heat pump in rural areas of cold region

为获得低温型空气源热泵在北方寒冷地区的实际运行特性,对河北省保定市一典型农村住宅安装的空气源热泵机组进行了为期3 d的供暖工况实测。分析测试数据发现:实测室外工况与机组额定工况差距显著,机组平均制热量与平均COP值高于额定值的主要原因是室外温度高于机组额定工况下的室外干球温度。在冬季阴雨雪天气工况下机组的平均制热量、不包含除霜情况下的平均COP值较晴天工况分别下降60.7%、53.4%,反映了机组在阴雨雪天气工况下的制热效果不及晴天工况。研究结果表明:低温空气源热泵机组制热量可以满足冬季供暖的基本需求,室内温度难以达到供暖设定温度是由机组除霜、压缩机频繁停机及建筑保温性能不佳所致。

In order to obtain the actual operating characteristics of low-temperature air source heat pumps in cold northern regions,a 3-day heating condition measurement was conducted on an air source heat pump unit installed in a typical rural residential area of Baoding City,Hebei Province.Analyze the test data and obtain the following results:there is a significant difference between the measured outdoor operating conditions and the rated operating conditions of the unit.The main reason for the average heating capacity and average COP of the unit being higher than the rated value is that the outdoor tempera-ture is higher than the outdoor dry bulb temperature under the rated operating conditions of the unit.The average heating capacity of the unit under winter rainy and snowy weather conditions and the average COP without defrosting decreased by 60.7%and 53.4%respectively compared to sunny weather conditions,reflecting that the heating effect of the unit under rainy and snowy weather conditions is not as good as that under sunny weather con-ditions.The research results indicate that the low-temperature air source heat pump unit can meet the basic heating needs in winter,and the difficulty in reaching the heating set temperature indoors is caused by unit defrosting,frequent compressor shutdowns,and poor building insulation performance.