基于RUSLE模型的京津冀地区土壤侵蚀时空变化分析

Temporal and spatial variation analysis of soil erosion in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on RUSLE model

【目的】土壤侵蚀是一种日益严重的生态问题,已经成为全球性的环境挑战,对人类的生存和可持续发展产生了极大的威胁。因此基于多源遥感数据,【方法】通过RUSLE模型和地理探测器模型研究了1990—2020年京津冀地区土壤侵蚀在时空尺度上的动态变化,并对其驱动因素进行了分析。【结果】结果显示:(1) 1990—2020年京津冀地区的土壤侵蚀总体呈现东南低西北高的分布特征,且以微度和轻度侵蚀为主,其百分比达到73.79%。(2)京津冀大部分地区土壤侵蚀等级主要由高向微强度侵蚀转移,且转移比例都在50%以上,整体有所好转,但存在局部加剧。(3)各个影响因子对土壤侵蚀的解释力依次为:坡度>高程>土地覆盖类型>植被覆盖度>降雨量>人口密度>GDP。【结论】相关结论可为水土流失治理以及防治提供一定的科学参考,同时也可为其他地区的土壤侵蚀治理提供参考。

[Objective]Soil erosion is an increasingly serious ecological problem,which has become a global environmental challenge and poses a great threat to human survival and sustainable development.[Methods]Therefore,based on multi-source remote sensing data,the dynamic changes of soil erosion in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 1990 to 2020 are studied by RUSLE model and geographical detector model,and its driving factors are analyzed.[Results]The result show that:(1) From 1990 to 2020,the distribution of soil erosion in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region shows an overall pattern of southeast low and northwest high,with slight and mild erosion being the main types,accounting for 73.79% of the total.(2) In most areas of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,the soil erosion level is mainly shifting from high to slight and mild intensity,with a transition ratio of over 50%,showing an overall improvement but with some areas worsening.(3) The explanatory power of each influencing factor to soil erosion is:slope > elevation > land cover type > vegetation coverage > rainfall > population density > GDP.[Conclusion]The relevant conclusion can provide some scientific reference for soil erosion control and prevention,and can also provide reference for soil erosion control in other areas.