云南核桃栽培区域划分及其评价

Region Planning and Evaluation of Walnut Cultivation Areas in Yunnan Province

为科学指导与调整云南省核桃产业规划,优化种植布局,在全面调查全省不同区域栽培环境、栽培品种及产量、质量基础上,以云南核桃栽培环境的多样性与特异性、核桃对生态环境的基本要求、全省不同区域核桃品种资源特点、云南相关农林和气候区划等为基本依据,选择对核桃产量、质量起关键作用的7个光热水气候因子,建立专家评估指标体系与气候数据地理信息系统分析模型,通过运算形成区划结果及相关图表。结果显示:(1)一级分区将云南省分为六大栽培区,包括滇东-滇东北区、滇中区、滇西北区、滇西区、滇东南区、南部边缘区。(2)二级分区中,全省国土总面积3841.68×10^(4)hm^(2),其中适宜区1334.12×10^(4)hm^(2),占34.7%;次适宜区1148.26×10^(4)hm^(2),占29.9%;非规划区1359.3×10^(4)hm^(2),占35.4%。(3)三级分区中,将适宜区划分为最佳适宜区170.94×10^(4)hm^(2),占12.8%;次佳适宜区920.87×10^(4)hm^(2),占69%;一般适宜区242.31×10^(4)hm^(2),占18.2%。次适宜区划分为选择性种植区645.42×10^(4)hm^(2),占56.2%;控制性种植区502.42×10^(4)hm^(2),占43.8%。(4)对各区进行评价表明,各区由于自然环境影响,所选择的品种及种植技术有所差异。

This study was conducted aiming to provide some scientific basis for the industrial planning and the planting layout of walnut in Yunnan province.Based on the comprehensive investigation on the cultivation environment,cultivated varieties,yield and quality of walnut of the whole province,taking the basic requirements of walnut to ecological environment,the resource characteristics of walnut varieties in different regions of Yunnan,the related plannings of agriculture and forestry,and the climatic conditions as the fundamental basis,choosing seven climatic factors with key effects on yield and quality of walnut,the expert evaluation index system and the climate data geographic information system analysis model were built,related tables and figures were worked out and the planning results were achieved.The results showed that:(1)The walnut cultivation of Yunnan province could be zoned into six cultivations which include eastern to northeast Yunnan,central Yunnan,northwest Yunnan,western Yunnan,southeast Yunnan,southern marginal zone in first-level zone;(2)Second-level zone(3841.68×10^(4)hm^(2))include the suitable areas 1334.12×10^(4)hm^(2)(34.7%),sub-suitable areas 1148.26×10^(4)hm^(2)(29.9%),non-planned area 1359.3×10^(4)hm^(2)(35.4%).(3)Optimal areas 170.94×10^(4)hm^(2)(12.8%),the second best areas 920.87×10^(4)hm^(2)(69%),the general suitable areas 242.31×10^(4)hm^(2)(18.2%).Optional cultivation areas 645.42×10^(4)hm^(2)(56.2%)and limited cultivation areas 502.42×10^(4)hm^(2)(43.8%)could be classified under the category of sub-suitable areas;(4)There are differences among six walnut cultivations in selected varieties and plant-label technologies.