摘要
矿山作业面临的安全风险源多且复杂,应急管理尤为重要。地理信息系统(GIS)作为有效的空间数据管理与分析工具,可在矿山应急管理中发挥有效作用。本文综述了GIS技术在矿山灾害应急管理中的应用进展,从应急准备、应急响应与应急恢复三个阶段,分析了GIS技术的应用场景。研究结果表明,GIS技术能够集成矿山多源数据,通过空间分析为风险监测评估与预警提供科学依据;可发挥其资源统筹优势,辅助人员与设备定位,实现救援车辆和人员的实时监控,优化救援路径,提高救援效率。伴随着当前人工智能的发展与智慧矿山的建设,GIS技术在矿山灾害应急救援中的应用将更加广泛和深入。GIS数据治理将是制约应用的关键要素,矿山企业应提前布局。
The safety risks in mining operations are numerous and complex,making emergency management particularly important.Geographic Information Systems(GIS),as an effective tool for spatial data management and analysis,can play a significant role in emergency management of mining.This paper reviews the application progress of GIS technology in the emergency management of mining disasters,analyzing the application scenarios of GIS technology from three stages:emergency preparedness,emergency response,and emergency recovery.The results show that GIS technology can integrate multiple sources of mining data,providing a scientific basis for risk monitoring,assessment,and early warning through spatial analysis;it can leverage its resource coordination advantages to assist in the location of personnel and equipment,achieve real-time monitoring of rescue vehicles and personnel,optimize rescue routes,and improve rescue efficiency.With the development of current artificial intelligence technology and the construction of smart mines,the application of GIS technology in emergency rescue of mining disasters will be more extensive and in-depth.GIS data governance will be a key element restricting application,and mining enterprises should plan ahead.
作者
李烨
LI Ye(Shanxi Institute of Surveying,Mapping and Geoinformation,Taiyuan 030001,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
北大核心
2024年第6期143-147,共5页
China Mining Magazine
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“齐岳山断裂带(北段)及周边地区岩石圈结构高分辨率成像研究”资助(编号:42174126)。
