电纺纳米纤维材料在生物医学领域研究进展

Research progress of electrospinning nanofiber materials in biomedical field

聚合物衍生纳米纤维具有比表面积大、结构可控,可塑性强等独特优点,为其在生物医学领域的应用提供了巨大的潜力。静电纺丝技术作为一种低成本、工艺简单、结构可控的制备连续纳米聚合物纤维的方法,逐渐成为了研究热点。从静电纺丝制备的纤维材料入手,着重介绍了其在皮肤组织修复(普通创面、烧烫伤创面、糖尿病患者创面)、药物传送(抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤)、组织工程化支架(骨组织、软骨组织、血管、神经、肌腱)等领域的最新研究应用,并对电纺纤维材料未来在生物医学领域的发展进行了展望和总结。

Polymer-derived nanofibers have unique advantages such as large specific surface area,controllable structure and strong plasticity,which provide great potential for their application in the biomedical field.Electrospinning technology has become a research hotspot because of its low cost,simple process and controllable structure method for preparing continuous nanoscale polymer fibers.Starting from the fiber materials prepared by electrospinning,the latest research and application in skin tissue repair(ordinary wound,burn wound,diabetic wound),drug delivery(anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,anti-tumor),tissue engineering scaffold(bone tissue,cartilage tissue,blood vessel,nerve,tendon)and other fields were introduced.The future development of electrospinning fiber materials in the field of biomedicine was prospected and summarized.