矿山原位环境尾砂胶结充填体力学性能研究进展

Research progress on the mechanical properties of cemented tailings backfill under in-situ conditions

尾砂胶结充填体养护过程受采场原位温度、压力、孔隙水压力等因素影响,导致实验室制备的尾砂胶结充填体试样与相同物料配比的采场原位充填体取芯试样的力学性能存在显著差异。精准预测尾砂胶结充填体在采场原位环境下的力学性能是确保矿山充填配比参数设计合理、经济的重要前提。目前,国内外学者针对单一环境因素对尾砂胶结充填体力学性能的影响取得了丰富的研究成果,但有关多环境因素耦合下尾砂胶结充填体力学性能的定量研究并不充分。系统介绍了采场原位环境下尾砂胶结充填体力学性能的研究现状,从养护压力、养护温度、孔隙水压力和充填体养护装置四个方面介绍了国内外研究进展。首先系统梳理了养护压力、养护温度和孔隙水压力三种采场原位环境因素对尾砂胶结充填体强度影响研究。然后分析了现有充填体养护装置的优缺点。矿冶科技集团在此基础上创新发明了一种“矿山充填原位环境物理孪生试验装置”,该装置能够在室内模拟采场原位环境的温度、压力和孔隙水压力的养护条件,实现采场原位环境因素对尾砂胶结充填体力学性能影响的定量化研究。

The curing process of cemented tailings backfill(CTB)in practical stopes is influenced by in-situ factors such as temperature and pressure,leading to significant differences in mechanical properties between laboratory-prepared CTB samples and core samples of in-situ backfill with the same recipe.Accurately predicting the mechanical properties of CTB under in-situ conditions is essential for ensuring a reasonable and cost-effective backfill design.Currently,the impact of individual environmental factor on the mechanical properties of CTB has achieved substantial results.However,quantitative studies on the mechanical properties of CTB under the coupling of multiple environmental factors are still insufficient.This paper systematically reviews the research progress on the mechanical properties of CTB under in-situ conditions.It discusses advancements in four aspects:curing pressure,curing temperature,pore water pressure,and backfill curing devices.First,the paper systematically organizes research on the impact of three in-situ environmental factors—curing pressure,curing temperature,and pore water pressure—on the strength of CTB.Then,it analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of existing backfill curing devices.Based on this,a new backfill curing device invented by BGRIMM Technology Group is introduced.This device can simulate the curing conditions of in-situ environmental temperature,pressure,and pore water pressure in a laboratory setting,enabling quantitative research on the impact of in-situ environmental factors on the mechanical properties of CTB.