硫化铅锌矿“优先选铅—选铅尾矿选锌”回收铅锌

Recovery of lead and zinc from sulfide lead-zinc ore by“priority lead selection-zinc recovery from lead tailings”

内蒙古某硫化铅锌矿主要有价元素为Pb和Zn,含量分别为0.90%和3.23%。采用化学分析、XRD分析和MLA等分析手段对该矿进行详细的工艺矿物研究,并在工艺矿物学研究的基础上开展条件试验和闭路试验。工艺矿物学分析结果表明:在该矿中,方铅矿和闪锌矿为主要目的矿物,二者主要呈稀疏-稠密浸染状分布于脉石矿物间,且嵌布特征较为复杂,局部富集程度不高,嵌布粒度不均,部分方铅矿包裹于闪锌矿中,会对后续浮选作业产生不利影响。脉石矿物主要为钙铁辉石、石英、方解石、绿帘石、钙铝榴石、斜长石和钾长石,另含有少量的绿泥石、白云母和黑云母。采用优先选铅-选铅尾矿选锌—中矿依次返回上一作业的闭路浮选流程进行浮选,最终可获得Pb品位为66.83%、Pb回收率为85.42%的合格铅精矿产品,以及Zn品位为53.26%、Zn回收率为91.53%的合格锌精矿产品,可实现对该硫化铅锌矿的有效利用。

The main valuable elements in a lead zinc sulphide mine in Inner Mongolia are Pb and Zn,with grade of 0.90%and 3.23%,respectively.Detailed process mineral research was conducted on the ore using chemical analysis,XRD analysis,and MLA analysis methods,followed by conditional and closed-circuit tests based on the process mineralogy research.The results of process mineralogy analysis show that galena and sphalerite are the main target minerals in this mine,mainly distributed in a sparse-dense disseminated form between gangue minerals.The embedding characteristics are relatively complex,with low local enrichment and uneven embedding particle size.Some galena is encapsulated in sphalerite,adversely affecting subsequent flotation operations.The main gangue minerals are calcium iron pyroxene,quartz,calcite,epidote,calcium aluminium garnet,plagioclase,and potassium feldspar,with small amounts of chlorite,muscovite,and biotite.The closed-circuit flotation process of prioritizing lead selection,followed by zinc recovery from lead tailings,and sequentially returning to the previous operation for flotation can ultimately obtain qualified lead concentrate products with a Pb grade of 66.83%and a Pb recovery rate of 85.42%,as well as qualified zinc concentrate products with a Zn grade of 53.26%and a Zn recovery rate of 91.53%.This demonstrated effective utilization of the sulphide lead-zinc sulfide ore.