城市公共开放空间的多元文化包容——以澳门地区为例

Multi-cultural Inclusion of Urban Public Open Space--Taking Macao region as an Example

随着当前经济社会发展进入存量提质增效阶段,城市公共开放空间的多元文化包容成为提升空间品质和活力的重要方面。文章选择澳门地区这一具有代表性的多元文化交会城市作为实证研究案例,聚焦外籍佣工日常在公共空间的聚集行为,探索其分布特征、影响因素和形成机制。采用问卷调查和深度访谈等质性研究方法,提取45处相对固定的聚会地;进而采用核密度、Ripley’s K函数的量化空间分析法,对聚会地点的分布以及与城市功能的空间关联作用机制进行探究。结果表明,澳门地区外籍佣工聚会地分布与城市建成环境特征和功能具有显著关联,并受文化背景和职业特征因素影响。改善空间可达性、功能复合化和安全性等,可有效为多元文化背景人群提供具有包容性的城市公共开放空间。

The present economic and social development has entered the stage of quality improvement of stock,the multi-cultural inclusion of urban public open space has become an important aspect for improving space quality and vitality.Macao region as a representative city of multi-culture meeting is selected as the case for empirical study,this paper focuses on the daily aggregation behavior of foreign helpers in public space,explores the distribution characteristics,influencing factors and formation mechanism.Qualitative research methods including questionnaire and in-depth interview are adopted,and 45 places of relatively fixed gathering are abstracted;furthermore,quantitative space analysis methods including kernel density and Ripley’s K function are adopted,and it explores the distribution of gathering place and the spatial correlation effect mechanism of urban space.It is shown by result that the distribution of gathering place for foreign helpers in Macao region is significantly correlated to the characteristics of urban built environment and function,and it is affected by cultural background and occupational characteristics factors.Through improving spatial accessibility,functional complexity and security etc.,urban public open space with inclusivity can be effectively provided for the mass with multi-cultural background.