超越认知:社会情感学习的认识论基础

Beyond Cognition:The Epistemological Foundation of Social Emotional Learning

教育发展须在综合以往教育优势,摒除其已有缺陷的基础上前行。推动教育高质量发展、建设教育强国,要基于新的历史起点,致力于推动中国教育长远变革发展。这种发展的基础就是要超越中国教育长期存在的过于注重教书而育人不够,超越过于关注学生的认知发展而忽视其社会性发展的偏向。鉴于当前社会现实基础已由关注外在的自然转向社会的世界,而对人本质的理解已由理性的确认转向社会性关系的构建,这就要求教育定位须由只注重认知转向关注情感的培养,关注学生个人自主发展和社会性适应得以提升的社会情感能力。为此,基于时代赋予人发展的更多的内在规定性,应超越当前教育存在的片面强调知识传授的功利化取向,有效落实立德树人根本任务,促进学生乃至社会的高质量发展;基于人的全面发展而努力彰显教育的完整性,应注重学生健全人格的养成,激发人与自我、他人和社会关系向好的正向力量,构建社会良性运转的基础,促进个人的幸福和社会的和谐。

The development of education must be carried out on the basis of integrating the advantages of previous education and eliminating its existing defects.In order to promote the high-quality development of education and build a powerful education country,the attention should be focused on promoting the long-term reform and development of China’s education based on the new historical starting point.The basis of the development is to go beyond the long-standing Chinese education that pays too much attention to teaching and not enough to educate people,and to go beyond the bias of paying too much attention to students’cognitive development and ignoring their social development.In view of the fact that the current social reality foundation has shifted from paying attention to the external nature to the social world,and the understanding of human nature has shifted from the confirmation of rationality to the construction of social relations,which requires that the orientation of education should shift from only focusing on cognition to focusing on the cultivation of emotions,and paying attention to the social emotional ability of students’individual self-development and social adaptation.Therefore,based on the understanding of the more inherent stipulations of human development given by the times,it is necessary to go beyond the utilitarian orientation of one-sided emphasis on knowledge imparting in current education,effectively implement the fundamental task of cultivating people with morality,and promote the high-quality development of students and even society.Based on the all-round development of human beings,it is necessary to pay attention to the cultivation of students’sound personality,stimulate the positive power of people and themselves,others and social relations,build the foundation of social benign operation,and promote personal happiness and social harmony.