滑坡诱发农村山区砖混结构变形及演化规律研究

Study on the deformation and evolution law of brick-concrete structuresin rural mountainous areas induced by landslides

作为西南山区最为频发的地质灾害之一,滑坡对山区中大量存在的砖混房屋造成严重影响,尤其农村山区中受灾最为严重,给人民群众生产生活造成巨大安全隐患.研究滑坡引起的上部砖混结构变形特征,对科学指导房屋设计防护及灾后监测点布置具有重要现实意义.本文以酉阳高园子滑坡为例,通过现场调查和裂缝参数拟合研究了滑坡区砖混结构变形破坏特征.同时基于PFC3D,构建了有限体积-离散元(Finite Volume Method-Discrete Element Method,FVM-DEM)滑坡-房屋单向耦合模型,模拟并分析了在不同工况下滑坡动态发育过程,进一步揭示了房屋裂缝产生及演化过程.结果表明:相比于普通无柱砖混结构,底框结构抵抗滑坡诱发变形破坏的能力更强,并且处于前后缘段的房屋相对中段房屋更易出现损伤破坏;房屋的长宽比不宜过小,布置房屋长边走向平行斜坡走向有利于减少滑坡对房屋造成的破坏.本文总结了在滑坡作用下,上部砖混结构的变形特征和裂缝开展规律,可为农村山区砖混结构设计和布置提供参考.

As one of the most frequent geological hazards in the southwestern mountainous areas,landslides have a serious impact on quantities of brick-concrete structures in the mountainous areas,posing huge safety hazards to the production and daily life of the people.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the deformation characteristics of the upper brick-concrete structure caused by landslides for scientific guidance of housing design protection and post-disaster monitoring point layout.Taking Gaoyuanzi landslide in Youyang as an example,the deformation and failure characteristics of brick-concrete structures in the landslide area were studied through on-site investigation and crack parameter fitting.At the same time,based on PFC3D,a Finite Volume Method-Discrete Element Method(FVM-DEM)landslide house unidirectional coupling model was constructed to simulate and analyze the dynamic development process of landslides under different working conditions,further revealing the generation and evolution process of house cracks.The results show that compared to ordinary non column brick-concrete structures,the bottom frame structure has a stronger ability to resist deformation and failure caused by landslides,and houses located in the front and rear edge sections are more prone to damage and failure than those in the middle.The length-width ratio of the house should not be too small,and the long side of the house is parallel to the slope to help reduce the damage caused by the landslide to the house.This paper summarizes the deformation characteristics and crack development law of the upper brick-concrete structure under the action of landslide,which can provide reference for the design and arrangement of rural brick-concrete structure.