浙江省农村居民点与乡村人口耦合关系及时空特征

Coupling relationship between rural settlements and rural population and its spatiotemporal characteristics in Zhejiang Province of China

土地是农村最重要的资源与资产,农村的人地关系是土地节约集约利用、城乡融合、乡村振兴与共同富裕的重要影响因素。该研究以浙江省为例,运用土地利用动态度、地学图谱法、人地协调模型和Tapio脱钩模型对2000—2020年浙江省农村居民点时空演变进行分析,并识别县域尺度农村居民点-乡村人口脱钩类型与人地耦合关系演进过程。结果表明:1)浙江省农村居民点时间上呈现减速上升的趋势,耕地是主要转入源,城镇用地与耕地是主要转出源;空间上呈现多区域集中,全域分散增加的趋势。2)人均农村居民点面积在时间序列上呈现持续上升的趋势,空间格局上呈现显著集聚特征,高值区聚集于浙北平原区,而低值区集聚于浙西南山地区。3)浙江省县域乡村人口-农村居民点脱钩关系以强负脱钩为主,即区域乡村人口下降,而农村居民点面积保持上升趋势,乡村人地耦合关系失调现象严重。研究结果对调节人地关系、促进农村土地资源的有效配置与高效利用具有重要意义。

Land resource has been the most important assets in rural areas.Among them,the relationship between human activities and land in rural areas has been one of the most important influencing factors for land conservation and intensive utilization,urban-rural integration,rural revitalization and common prosperity.This study aims to explore the land use and land cover remote sensing monitoring dataset(CNLUCC)and population data.Five-period monitoring data of land use was taken from Zhejiang Province,China from 2000 to 2020.Firstly,the land-use dynamics were used to characterize the change degree of rural settlements during the study period.Secondly,the land use transfer matrix between rural settlements and land types was constructed to identify the transfer direction and stage features of rural settlements using the geologic map.The intensive utilization of rural settlements per capita was taken as the baseline to evaluate the coordination between human activities and land source.Furthermore,the"differentiation+consistency"was adopted to combine with the per capita construction land area standard of villages.Finally,the decoupling model was used to analyze the evolution of the decoupling type and the humanland coupling relationship between rural settlements and population.As such,the specific development strategy of zoning was proposed to coordinate the relationship between human activities and land.The results showed that:1)The rural settlements were concentrated mainly in the plain area of the northern,the hilly basin area of the central and the coastal area of the southeast,indicating a pattern of multi-regional concentration and global dispersion.In terms of time,the rural settlements were continued to expand from 2000 to 2015,and then was shrunk from 2015 to 2020.In order to adjust the structure of rural residential land,cultivated land was the main transfer-in source,whereas,the urban and cultivated land were the main transferout sources.2)The per capita rural settlement area showed a continuous upward trend in the time series.The spatial pattern showed the significant spatial agglomeration.Specifically,the high-value areas were concentrated in the northern Plain,whereas,the low-value areas were in the southwestern mountainous areas.The per capita rural settlement area was ever rising in various regions,particularly with the economic development and urbanization.But the large base of the plain area was aggravated the imbalance between human activities and land.While the small base of the hilly and mountainous areas were relatively coordinated in the relationship between human activities and land.3)The decoupling relationship between rural population and rural settlements at the county level was mainly dominated by strong negative decoupling,that is,the regional rural population declined,while the area of rural settlements was maintained an upward trend.The number of counties with strong negative decoupling relationship decreased from 2000 to 2020,but there was the still serious imbalance of rural humanland coupling relationship.The findings are of great significance to regulate the relationship between human activities and land,in order to promote the effective allocation and efficient utilization of rural land resources.