起重机变幅平衡阀流量计算与仿真分析

Flow Calculation and Simulation Analysis of Crane Elevating Counterbalance Valve

变幅平衡阀安装在汽车起重机变幅系统的液压回路中,起到负载保持和控制负载运动速度的作用。在分析某型起重机所用平衡阀的组成结构和功能原理的基础上,针对其主阀芯的复杂通流形式,采用一种节流槽和阀芯表面通流面积分开计算后整合的方法,得到主阀芯整体的开度-过流面积曲线。利用AMESim仿真软件建立平衡阀中单向阀和主阀芯的仿真模型。通过对比平衡阀流量压力特性的仿真与实验结果,表明采用此计算方式得到的开度-过流面积曲线可以准确地反映平衡阀工作时的性能特征。对影响平衡阀流量压力特性的关键因素进行了探究,为平衡阀的优化设计提供了模型支持和参考思路。

The elevating counterbalance valve is installed in the hydraulic circuit of the truck crane elevating system,which plays the role of load maintaining and controlling the speed of load movement.Based on the analysis of the structure and function of the counterbalance valve used by a crane,for the complex flow of its main spool,a method was adopted to calculate the flow area of the throttle groove and the main spool separately and then integrate it,and the opening-flow area curve of the main spool was obtained.The simulation models of the check valve and the main spool in the counterbalance valve were established by using the AMESim software.By comparing the simulation and experimental results of the flow and pressure characteristics of the counterbalance valve,it is proved that the opening-flow area curve obtained by this calculation method can accurately reflect the performance characteristics of the counterbalance valve.The key factors affecting the flow and pressure characteristics of the counterbalance valve were explored,which could provide model support and reference ideas for the optimization design of the counterbalance valve.