某溢流坝下游泄洪消能布置试验研究

Experimental Study on the Layout of Flood Discharge and Energy Dissipation Downstream of a Certain Overflow Dam

为研究溢流坝下游泄洪消能布置问题,以某实际工程为背景,运用物理模型试验方法,研究布置二道坝后坝下游河床在不同水垫塘形式下(定床、动床和动床预挖)泄洪消能的水力学条件,结果表明:在水垫塘定床条件下能有效改善下游水流流态、降低流速,提高消能效果,减轻对下游河床的冲刷。为了丰富试验结果和进一步优化布置,进行了数值模拟研究,对比数模结果与物模结果吻合较好;在此基础上进一步对平底水垫塘进行数值计算分析表明消能效果虽较原河床条件有明显改善,但平底水垫塘设计仍需进一步优化;结合工程实际情况,对水垫塘底板采取局部预挖加大水垫深度优化方案能有效改善水垫塘底部水流条件,消能效果更优。

In order to study the arrangement of flood discharge and energy dissipation downstream of the overflow dam,based on a certain actual project,the physical model test method was used to study the layout of the river bed downstream of the second dam under different water cushion pond forms fixed bed,moving bed and Hydraulic conditions for flood discharge and energy dissipation(moving bed pre-excavation),the results show that:under the fixed bed conditions of the water pad pond,it can effectively improve the flow pattern of the downstream water flow,reduce the flow speed,improve the energy dissipation effect,and reduce the erosion of the downstream river bed.In order to enrich the test results and further optimize the layout,a numerical simulation study was conducted.The comparative numerical model results were in good agreement with the physical model results.On this basis,further numerical calculation and analysis of the flat-bottomed water cushion pond showed that although the energy dissipation effect was better than the original river bed conditions There has been a significant improvement,but the design of the flat-bottomed water cushion pond still needs to be further optimized.Based on the actual conditions of the project,the optimization plan of partially pre-excavating the bottom of the water cushion pond to increase the depth of the water cushion can effectively improve the water flow conditions at the bottom of the water cushion pond and achieve a better energy dissipation effect.excellent.