强火源下难燃电缆烟气特性及吸附探测可行性研究

The smoke characteristics of refractory cable under strong fire source and feasibility study on adsorption and detection

难燃电缆因含有卤素元素,烟气具有毒性,火灾危害性大,准确探测是发现并控制事故的关键。本文采用JCY-2型建筑材料烟密度仪开展了YJV型难燃电缆强火源引燃试验,测试吸附材料吸附20、50、100 s时电缆外护套产生烟气的烟密度,并拍摄吸附材料电镜图像,运用ImageJ软件处理并分析吸附材料表面灰度和吸附颗粒特性,进而探讨加装吸附材料对提高现有光电感烟探测器探测准确率的可行性。结果表明:电缆燃烧过程中处于不良通风条件的时间越长,烟密度峰值越低,吸附材料表面灰度越高;吸附材料能有效吸附富集烟气颗粒,烟气颗粒随吸附时间变化呈现表面附着、网状附着、环状附着的变化规律;吸附材料网线纤维直径小于9μm能实现较好的吸附效果。研究成果为风流环境电缆火灾预警和探测及线缆火灾调查提供了新思路。

Due to the presence of halogen elements,the smoke of flame-retardant cables is toxic and has high fire hazards.Accurate detection is the key to discover and control accidents.This article uses the JCY-2 building material smoke density meter to carry out the YJV flame retardant cable under strong fire source ignition experiment.The density of the smoke generated by the cable outer sheath when the adsorbent material adsorbs for 20,50,and 100 seconds is tested,and electron microscopy images of the adsorbent material are taken.ImageJ software is used to process and analyze the surface grayscale and characteristics of the adsorption particle.And discuss the feasibility of adding adsorbent material to improve the detection accuracy of existing photoelectric smoke detectors.The results show that the longer the cable is under poor ventilation conditions during the combustion process,the lower the smoke density peak,and the higher the grayscale of the adsorption material surface;The adsorbent material can effectively adsorb and enrich smoke particles,and the smoke particles exhibit changes in surface adhesion,network adhesion,and cylinder adhesion with the change of adsorption time;The diameter of the adsorbent material mesh fiber less than 9μm can achieve good adsorption effect.The research results provide new ideas for cable fire warning and detection as well as fire investigation in wind flow environments.