后路脊柱融合术治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的畸形相关并发症

Deformity-related complications of posterior spinal fusion in treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)是一种发生于青春期累及脊柱3个平面的脊柱畸形,发病机制未明。后路脊柱融合术(PSF)是目前治疗AIS应用最广泛的术式,但其术后并发症逐渐引起了人们的重视,其中畸形相关并发症如叠加现象、近端交界性后凸、远端交界处后凸、冠状面失衡和术后双肩不平衡是AIS术后最常见的并发症,了解这些并发症的定义、诊断标准、发生率、自然史、危险因素和预防措施对于制定AIS的手术策略至关重要。本文对近年来关于AIS患者PSF治疗后出现畸形相关并发症的最新研究进展进行了概述。

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)is a spinal deformity involving 3 planes of the spine during adolescence.The pathogenesis of AIS is still unknown.Posterior spinal fusion(PSF)is the most widely used surgery in treating AIS.Its postoperative complications have gradually attracted attention.Deformity-related complications,such as adding-on phenomenon,proximal junctional kyphosis,distal junctional kyphosis,coronal imbalance and shoulder imbalance,are the most common ones.Understanding the definition,diagnostic criteria,incidence,natural history,risk factors,and preventive measures of these complications is essential to make surgical strategies for AIS.This article reviews the latest research on the deformity-related complications of PSF in patients with AIS.