川西北高寒地区5种饲草产量与CNCPS组分分析

Yield and CNCPS Components Analysis of Five Forage Grasses in Northwestern Sichuan Plateau

饲草种质资源是新品种创制的基础,本研究选择适宜在川西北高寒区栽培的中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis)、无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)、垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)、圆柱披碱草(Elymus cylindricus)和老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus)饲草种质资源,测定了饲草产量、全株及不同部位(茎、叶、穗)的营养成分,利用康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system, CNCPS)对其组分进行分析,为筛选高产优质饲草种质资源奠定基础。结果表明,鲜草产量随年份增加逐年降低,老芒麦连续四年的鲜草产量高于其他饲草。圆柱披碱草的干草产量最高,变异系数较小,稳产性较好。无芒雀麦茎、叶和穗的中性洗涤纤维(Neutral detergent fiber, NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber, ADF)含量低于其他饲草,非结构性碳水化合物(Nonstructural carbohydrate, NSC)含量显著高于其他饲草(P<0.05)。圆柱披碱草茎、叶和穗的ADF含量显著高于其他饲草(P<0.05)。老芒麦全株、茎、叶和穗的粗蛋白(Crude protein, CP)含量高于其他饲草,碳水化合物(Carbohydrate, CHO)含量低于其他饲草。综合分析得出,无芒雀麦和老芒麦的生产性能及营养品质表现较好,可作为当地种质资源研究和新品种选育的基础材料。

Forage germplasm resources are the basis for the creation of new varieties.In this study,we selected Festuca sinensis,Bromus inermis,Elymus nutans,Elymus cylindricus,and Elymus sibiricus forage germplasm resources suitable for cultivation in the alpine region of Northwest Sichuan,and determined the yield,nutrient composition of the forage,the whole plant,and the nutrient composition of different parts(stems,leaves,and ears),and analyzed the fractions by using Cornell’s Net Carbohydrate-Protein System(CNCPS),to lay the foundation for the screening of high-yield and high-quality forage germplasm resources.The results showed that the fresh grass biomass decreased year by year with the year increase,and Elymus sibiricus had the highest fresh grass weight for four consecutive years.The hay yield of Elymus cylindricus was the highest,the coefficient of variation was small,and the yield stability was better.The neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)contents of Bromus inermis stems,leaves,and ears were lower than those of the other forages,and the nonstructural carbohydrate(NSC)contents were significantly higher than those of other forages(P<0.05).The ADF contents of Elymus cylindricus stems,leaves,and ears were significantly higher than those of other forages(P<0.05).The crude protein(CP)contents of Elymus sibiricus whole plant,stems,leaves,and ears were higher than those of other forages.Carbohydrate(CHO)content was lower than other forages.The comprehensive analysis concluded that the production performance and nutritional quality of Bromus inermis and Elymus sibiricus were better and could be used as basic materials for local germplasm resources research and new variety selection.