基于电介质薄膜的器件自愈性能的研究现状

Research Status of Self-healing Performance of Devices Based on Dielectric Films

随着能源与电力技术的不断发展,对电容器的需求越来越大,而各种资源的稀缺强调了利用各种能源的必要性,对于各种储能器件如金属化薄膜电容器以及基于电活性聚合物(electroactive polymers,EAP)的能量转换装置提出了更高的要求。然而这两类装置却极易发生电击穿,在工作循环中有着极高的故障率,因此器件的自愈性具有十分重要的意义。文中综述了金属化薄膜电容器和EAP能量转换装置自愈性能的国内外研究现状,首先重点关注了金属化薄膜电容器中自愈理论发展以及各种关键参数对自愈的影响,其自愈最为稳定且研究相对完善。随着介电弹性体的兴起,想要其拥有自愈性能,参考金属化薄膜电容器的结构是一个可行的思路。但如何使得金属电极满足大应力大形变的需求成为一种柔性电极是一个很大的挑战。碳电极是弹性体中应用最为广泛的电极材料,它拥有极好的形变能力,但对于其自愈性能的深入研究较少且缺乏成熟的理论支撑,使得其在工业领域中难以应用和改善。最后总结对比了金属电极以及碳电极在自愈性能上的差异,并预测了可自愈柔性电极新的发展方向,进一步拓展自愈性的器件在工业领域中的应用。

With the continuous development of energy and power technology,the demand for capacitors is increasing,and the usage of various energy sources is emphatically required due to the scarcity of various resources.Higher requirements have been put forward for various energy storage devices such as metallized thin film capacitors and energy conversion devices based on electroactive polymers(EAP).However,such devices are highly susceptible to electrical breakdown and have a high failure rate during the working cycle.Therefore,the self-healing performance of devices is of great significance.This paper reviews the current research status of self-healing performance of metallized thin film capacitors and EAP energy conversion devices both domestically and internationally.Firstly,this paper focuses on the development of self-healing theory in metallized thin film capacitors and the influence of various key parameters on self-healing.Its self-healing is the most stable and relatively well-researched.With the rise of dielectric elastomers,it is a feasible approach to refer to the structure of metallized thin film capacitors if the self-healing performance is required.However,how to enable metal electrodes to meet the needs of large stress and deformation as a flexible electrode is a big challenge.Carbon electrodes are the most widely used electrode material in elastomers,with excellent deformation ability.However,the in-depth research on their self-healing performance is limited and there is a lack of mature theoretical support,making it difficult to apply and improve them in the industrial field.Finally,the differences in self-healing performance between metal electrodes and carbon electrode devices were summarized and compared,and some new development directions regarding compliant electrodes were predicted to further expand the application of self-healing devices in the industrial field.