油酸钾浓度及玄武岩纤维取向对天然橡胶/玄武岩纤维复合材料性能的影响

Effect of Potassium Oleate Concentration and Orientation of Basalt Fibers on Properties of Natural Rubber/Basalt Fiber Composites

通过油酸钾溶液对玄武岩纤维进行表面改性处理,研究了不同浓度的油酸钾溶液对玄武岩纤维表面处理及玄武岩纤维取向对天然橡胶(NR)/玄武岩纤维(BF)复合材料综合性能的影响。结果表明,随着油酸浓度的增大,复合材料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度及断裂伸长率均表现为先增大后减小,且在油酸钾溶液的质量分数为7%时取得最大值,拉伸强度提高了15.6%,撕裂强度提高了12.1%;BF经定向排列后,复合材料的Payne效应减弱,采用径向取向制备的复合材料,其拉伸强度提高了2.3%,断裂伸长率降低了17.8%,但磨耗增加了8.3%。扫描电镜缝隙表明,7%浓度的油酸钾可以均匀地包覆在BF表面,纤维在橡胶中分散性较好。

Surface modification of basalt fibers was carried out using potassium oleate solution,the effects of different concentrations of potassium oleate solution on the surface treatment of basalt fibers and the comprehensive properties of natural rubber(NR)/basalt fiber(BF)composites influenced by basalt fiber orientation were investigated.The results show that with the increasing oleic acid concentration,the tensile strength,tear strength,and elongation at break of the composites initially increase and then decrease,reaching the maximum values at a potassium oleate concentration of 7%.The tensile strength and tear strength are increased by 15.6%and 12.1%,respectively.After being oriented,the BF reduces the Payne effect of the composites.The composites prepared with radial orientation show a 2.3%increase in tensile strength,a 17.8%decrease in elongation at break,and an 8.3%increase in wear.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis reveal that 7%concentration of potassium oleate can be uniformly coated on the surface of BF,resulting in better dispersion of the fibers in the rubber.