基于微创预处理的重组木防霉防腐性能

Anti-mildew and anti-corrosion performance of wood scrimber based on minimally invasive pretreatment

【目的】研究不同预处理工艺对重组木防霉和防腐性能的影响,旨在寻求最优处理方法以提升重组木在户外多变环境中的使用性能。【方法】采用传统的水煮法、微波法和创新性提出的微创法对重组木进行预处理,利用有机碘化物3-碘代-2丙炔基甲氨酸丁酯(IPBC)对其进行浸渍并采用异氰酸酯胶黏剂(MDI)饰面。通过防霉、防腐试验分析3种处理工艺重组木的防治效力,通过孔隙率、力学性能和尺寸稳定性研究3种处理工艺对重组木质量的影响。【结果】(1)通过微创预处理工艺,重组木的总孔隙率增加了64.1%,载药量提高了88.0%。(2)防霉试验结果显示重组木对照样对黑曲霉和可可球二孢菌的感染等级均为4级,而经过微创预处理/IPBC浸渍工艺的重组木对两种菌的感染等级均为0级,此外通过MDI饰面的重组木抗流失性提高了63.0%。(3)防腐试验结果显示重组木对照样对白腐菌和褐腐菌仅为Ⅱ耐腐等级,而经过微创预处理/IPBC浸渍工艺的重组木对白腐菌和褐腐菌均为Ⅰ耐腐等级。(4)力学和尺寸稳定性试验的结果表明:经过微创预处理/IPBC浸渍工艺的重组木有效保证了优异的力学性能和尺寸稳定性;相比重组木对照样,其抗弯强度和水平剪切强度相比对照样分别提高了14.9%和17.4%,其吸水宽度膨胀率和吸水厚度膨胀率分别降低了25.0%和49.2%。【结论】采用微创预处理/IPBC浸渍工艺制备的重组木对霉菌、变色菌和腐朽菌都具有优异的防治效力,同时提升了力学性能和尺寸稳定性。此外,该微创工艺绿色简单,可有效解决重组木户外应用难题。

[Objective] The effects of different pretreatment processes on the anti-mildew and anti-corrosion properties of wood scrimber were studied in order to find the best treatment method to improve the performance in outdoor environment.[Method] The traditional boiling method,microwave method and innovative minimally invasive method were used to pretreat the wood scrimber,and the organic iodide 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate(IPBC) was used for impregnation and coated with isocyanate adhesive(MDI).The control efficacy of three treatment processes was analyzed by mildew prevention and anticorrosion test,and the influence of three treatment processes on the quality of wood scrimber was studied by porosity,mechanical properties and dimensional stability.[Result](1) Through the minimally invasive pretreatment process,the total porosity of the wood scrimber increased by 64.1%,and the drug load increased by 88.0%.(2) The results of mildew test showed that the infection grade of wood scrimber against Aspergillus niger and Botryodiplodia theobromae was 4,while the infection grade of wood scrimber after minimally invasive pretreatment/IPBC soaking was 0.In addition,the anti-loss performance of wood scrimber through MDI loading was improved by 63.0%.(3) The results of anti-corrosion test showed that the wood scrimber had only grade Ⅱ rot resistance to white rot fungi and brown rot fungus,while the wood scrimber after minimally invasive pretreatment/IPBC dipping process had grade Ⅰ rot resistance for both fungi.(4) The results of mechanical and dimensional stability tests showed that the wood scrimber after the minimally invasive pretreatment/IPBC immersion process effectively ensured excellent mechanical properties and dimensional stability.Compared with the original wood scrimber,the flexural strength and short beam shear strength increased by 14.9% and 17.4%,respectively,and the width expansion rate and thickness expansion rate decreased by 25.0% and 49.2%,respectively.[Conclusion] The wood scrimber prepared by the minimally invasive pretreatment/IPBC dipping process has excellent control effect on mold,stain fungi and decay fungi,while ensuring excellent mechanical properties and dimensional stability.In addition,the minimally invasive process is green and simple,which can effectively solve the outdoor application problem of wood scrimber.