基于遥感影像的土地利用监测及城市扩张分析

Land Use Monitoring and Urban Expansion Analysis Based on Remote Sensing Images

对Landsat遥感影像进行数据预处理,其次采用随机森林分类方法分析2001年、2011年和2021年3期的土地利用情况,对近年来哈尔滨市的土地利用进行时空监测,同时对建设用地扩张情况进行分析,研究结果表明:研究区建设用地面积在20年的时间里,城市规模迅速扩张,建设用地面积增加到约560.47 km^(2);从2001年到2011年,水体和其他用地面积变化不大,耕地变化较大,从2011年到2021年各土地利用类型变化均较大。哈尔滨市城市重心在不断发生着变化,表现出由北—西北—西南的变化过程。城市建设用地主体呈现在城市中心集聚,其他区域建设用地均匀分布的态势。

This article preprocesses Landsat remote sensing images,and then uses the random forest classification method to analyze the land use situation of three periods in 2001,2011,and 2021.It conducts spatiotemporal monitoring of land use in Harbin in recent years,and analyzes the expansion of construction land.The research results show that within 20 years,the construction land area in the study area has rapidly expanded in urban scale with the increase to about 560.47 km^(2);From 2001 to 2011,there was little change in water bodies and other land use areas,while there was a significant change in cultivated land.From 2011 to 2021,there were significant changes in various land use types.The urban center of Harbin is constantly changing,showing a process of change from north to northwest and to southwest.The main body of urban construction land presents a trend of agglomeration in the city center and construction land in other regions is evenly distributed.