气候变化背景下道路脆弱性评估研究综述

A review of road vulnerability assessment under the background of climate change

气候变化可能导致极端气候灾害和自然灾害,在极寒气候灾害影响下道路路基会产生沉降、路面会开裂等;在极热气候灾害影响下,道路路面可能会产生车辙等病害,影响行车安全和行车速度;在洪水、地震、飓风等自然灾害影响下,道路可能会被冲蚀、断裂、坍塌,极大地影响了灾害发生后的救援速度和城市道路恢复力。研究国内外学者对不同气候灾害和自然灾害下道路脆弱性的成因和概念。对道路脆弱性指标及评价方法进行总结,提出灾害相对应的适应性措施。为之后城市道路脆弱性评估方法应用和模型构建提供文献研究基础,并提出针对性策略,使道路在受灾的情况下尽快适应和恢复。

Climate change may lead to extreme weather disasters and natural disasters.Under the influence of extreme cold weather disasters,road subgrade will settle and pavement will crack.Under the influence of extreme hot weather disasters,rutting and other diseases may occur on the road surface,which will affect the driving safety and speed.Under the influence of natural disasters such as floods,earthquakes and hurricanes,roads may be eroded,broken and collapsed,which greatly affects the rescue speed and the resilience of urban roads after disasters.This paper studies the causes and concepts of road vulnerability under different climate disasters and natural disasters byscholars at home and abroad.This paper summarizes the road vulnerability index and evaluation method,and puts forward the adaptive measures corresponding to the disaster.It provides a literature research basis for the application of urban road vulnerability assessment methods and model construction,and puts forward targeted strategies to make roads adapt and recover as soon as possible under the disaster situation.