企业数字化转型、碳排放与供应链溢出

Enterprise Digital Transformation,Carbon Emissions and Supply Chain Spillovers

数字化转型是提升企业全要素生产率、抑制碳排放的重要动力。本文围绕上市公司匹配数据,实证检验了企业数字化转型对供应链各节点企业碳排放的影响。研究发现,企业数字化转型能够显著抑制自身碳排放,且具有前向溢出的降碳效应。机制分析表明,企业数字化转型通过提高自身绿色技术创新水平、企业全要素生产率进而实现自身碳减排,通过提高下游企业全要素生产率进而引致下游企业碳减排。异质性分析表明,企业数字化转型对国有企业、大规模企业、不受环境规制企业的降碳作用更大,对下游小规模企业、近距离企业、资源赋更低地区企业的降碳作用更大。进一步研究发现,企业数字化转型对直接碳排放的降碳效应被间接碳排放的增碳效应部分抵消,但这种抵消作用并未显著溢出到下游企业。本文研究结论表明,发挥企业数字化转型的供应链网络降碳效应,对于推动数字化绿色化协同转型发展、提升产业链供应链现代化水平、积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和具有重要意义。

The green and low-carbon transformation of the supply chain is very important for China to achieve the"dual-carbon"goal,upgrade the modernization of the supply chain,and promote high-quality development.The"dual-carbon"goal is faced with challenges such as large emission reduction,heavy transformation tasks,tight time window,and constraints on core technologies.At present,digital empowerment in green and low-carbon transformation is becoming increasingly prominent.Under the new round of technological revolution and industrial change,the study of the carbon reduction effect of enterprise digital transformation and the supply chain spillover has important practical guidance significance and economic and social value.Compared with previous studies,this paper examines the impact of enterprise digital transformation on the carbon emissions of its upstream and downstream enterprises from the perspective of the supply chain network,deepens the analysis of the mechanism of the carbon reduction effect,and enriches the study of the impact of enterprise digital transformation on direct and indirect carbon emissions.This paper utilizes the three-level supply chain network database of listed companies from 2008 to 2016 to conduct empirical research,and finds that the digital transformation of enterprises can significantly inhibit their carbon emissions,with a significant forward spillover carbon reduction effect.Mechanism analysis shows that enterprise digital transformation achieves carbon reduction by improving enterprise green technology innovation and total factor productivity(TFP).Enterprise digital transformation leads to carbon emission reduction in downstream enterprises by improving their TFP.Further research shows that the carbon reduction effect of digital transformation on direct carbon emissions is partially offset by the carbon increase effect of power consumption,although this offsetting effect does not significantly spill over to downstream enterprises.The results of this paper suggest that the continuous promotion of enterprise digital transformation helps realize the carbon reduction effect of digital transformation.In the steady and orderly promotion of"double carbon",it is necessary to outline the effectiveness and blockage of the carbon reduction effect of digital transformation in the supply chain network as a whole,optimize and focus on the direction and priorities of digital transformation,and form the momentum of carbon reduction.In addition,the enterprise digital transformation puts forward new requirements for the cleaner and greener transformation of energy and power structures.Therefore,promoting the transformation of clean energy and power structure to meet the demand for clean power in enterprise digitalization can effectively reduce indirect carbon emissions.The findings can provide policy references and practical support for upgrading the modernization of the industrial chain and supply chain.